生态环境学报2023，Vol.32Issue(11)：2062-2071,10.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.11.016
抗生素抗性基因在土壤中积累、转移与消减的研究进展
The Accumulation,Transfer and Elimination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Soil:A Review
摘要
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to human health worldwide.Soil,especially the agricultural soil,represents an important sources and reservoir for antibiotic resistance.It is important to understand the transmission mechanisms of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the soil for reducing the risk of dissemination of ARGs.The accumulation,transfer and elimination characteristics of ARGs in the soil are reviewed by summarizing and analyzing the relevant literature.By analyzing the available studies,it is found that the soil in agricultural and economically developed areas has become a hot area for the accumulation of ARGs.The application of organic fertilizer and sewage irrigation caused the continuous accumulation of ARGs in soil,and its abundance reached 102 gene copies/16S rRNA gene copies.Intracellular antibiotic resistance genes(iARGs)and extracellular free antibiotic resistance genes(eARGs)are the two different forms of ARGs,among which iARGs is the main one.iARGs spread in soil through conjugation transfer and transduction,with conjugation transfer being the most studied and dominant horizontal transfer mode.In addition,eARGs spread in soil through transformation.Soil extracellular DNA can remain in the soil for months or even more than a year,however,natural transformation of eARGs is not often detected due to the limitations in detection methods,so the risk of eARGs transmission in the soil has been neglected.The fate of exogenous ARGs entering soil is affected by ARGs species,forms,soil characteristics,pollutants,etc.The period from the gradual death of exogenous bacteria to the gradual degradation of free DNA are important time point nodes for whether exogenous ARGs can transfer in soil,and it is likely to be the key time to control the spread of ARGs in soil.At present,research on the elimination mechanism of host bacteria carrying ARGs into the soil is still in the initial stage,and in-depth studies are needed.Furthermore,the intensification measures for soil ARGs elimination mainly include agronomic changes,biochar application,phage therapy,etc.,but with variable and limited effects.Consequently,future research should pay attention to the environmental effects of free eARGs,strengthen studies on the key factors influencing the propagation of ARGs in the soil and develop new enhancement measures to eliminate ARGs.关键词
土壤/胞内抗生素抗性基因/胞外抗生素抗性基因/水平基因转移/消减机制Key words
soil/intracellular antibiotic resistance genes/extracellular antibiotic resistance gene/horizontal gene transfer/elimination mechanism分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
高晓宇,王磊..抗生素抗性基因在土壤中积累、转移与消减的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2023,32(11):2062-2071,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(40571145) （40571145）
