中国农业科学2023，Vol.56Issue(24)：4895-4905,11.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.24.008
不同含油量油菜品种的养分吸收积累与利用效率特征
Characteristics of Oilseed Rape Cultivar with Different Oil Content in Nutrient Dynamitic Accumulation Rates and Utilization Efficiency
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To clarify the requirements of oilseed rape cultivars characterized by high-oil content for nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)nutrients,the dynamic nutrient accumulation rates of cultivars with different oil content were compared,so as to provide a theoretical basis on precise nutrient management for realizing high oil yield potential.[Method]The field and pot experiments were carried out during 2019-2021 oilseed rape growth seasons to monitor the dynamic changes in biomass,NPK content and accumulation rates of oilseed rapes cultivars with high oil content(Zhongyouza 19,Z19)and conventional oil content control cultivars(Huayouza 12,H12,and Huayouza 62,H62).And then the differences in nutrient utilization efficiency were analyzed.[Result]The results of two-year experiments showed that the seed yield of Z19 was obviously lower than that of H62 by 8.5％-20.4％,but there was little difference in seed yield between Z19 and H12.However,the oil content of Z19 was significantly higher than those of H12 and H62(10.1％-26.7％).By monitoring the dynamic biomass and nutrient content in the field and pot traits during the 2020/2021 growth seasons,it was claimed that the biomass of Z19 was lower than that of H62,which was higher than that of H12 at podding and mature stage with different degrees,while there was minor difference in biomass between Z19 and H12 before podding stage.The N content of Z19 was significantly lower than H12 and H62 during growth in pot experiment and after flowering stage in field experiment.And K content of Z19 was higher than H12 and H62 during growth.However,there was no consistent changes in P content between field and pot experiments among three cultivars.Consequently,the N accumulation rates of Z19 were lower than that of H62 by 19.2％-29.0％and lower than that of H12 by 9.8％-13.1％in pot experiment.The K accumulation rate of Z19 was higher than H12 by 7.4％-39.2％except for the flowering stage.Moreover,the P accumulation rate of Z19 was between those of H62 and H12,which was remarkably higher than that of H12 in the field and significantly lower than that of H62 in the pot.The N utilization efficiency and oil production efficiency of Z19 were significantly higher than those of H12 and H62.Moreover,the K utilization efficiency of Z19 was lower than that of H12 and H62,but the K oil production efficiency of Z19 was close to that of H12 and H62.There was minor difference in P utilization efficiency among 3 cultivars,but the P oil production efficiency of Z19 was significantly higher than that of H12.15N labeling indicated that there was no obviously difference in N fertilizer use efficiency among three cultivars until flowering stage,after which N fertilizer use efficiency of Z19 was significantly lower than that of H12 and H62.[Conclusion]In summary,high-oil content cultivar,Z19,had a higher demand for K and a lower demand for N with a higher N utilization efficiency.In agricultural production,K fertilizer could be supplemented for high-oil content cultivar,and less N fertilizer could be applied in comparison to the conventional oilseed rape cultivars.关键词
油菜/含油量/产量/养分积累量/养分利用效率Key words
oilseed rape/oil content/yield/nutrient accumulation rate/nutrient utilization efficiency引用本文复制引用
胡文诗,廖星,李银水,赵曼利,张珊珊,顾炽明,代晶,李小勇,杨璐,秦璐..不同含油量油菜品种的养分吸收积累与利用效率特征[J].中国农业科学,2023,56(24):4895-4905,11.基金项目
中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ZDRW202105)、中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610172022008)、中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2013-OCRI) （CAAS-ZDRW202105）
