中国临床心理学杂志2023，Vol.31Issue(6)：1448-1455,8.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2023.06.030
"变态":一个心理学术语在汉语世界的百年流变
History of the Centurial Evolution of a Psychological Term"Abnormal"in the Chinese-language World
葛枭语1
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学心理与认知科学学院暨行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,北京 100871
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
The term"abnormal"was introduced into the Chinese-language world in 1900s,was used as the formal name of a psychological discipline in 1910s,and then rapidly became prevalent among the public.This process is a smart starting point and an informative case where we can systematically review how psychological research and public life interacted and co-evolved in the 20th century in China and how science played its multi-oriented role during the process of modernization in China.There were five main perspectives from which researchers at that time interpreted the imported concept"abnor-mal:"(A)people who deviate to a certain degree from the public norm are abnormal;(B)people who deviate from the public norm in a socially undesired way are abnormal;(C)people whose symptoms are in line with the defined criterion symptoms are abnormal;(D)people whose psychological traits or states prevent them from living their normal life or threaten the pub-lic safety are abnormal;and(E)people who dissociate their behaviors from their usual habits are abnormal.Due to its limita-tions,the term"abnormal"was gradually overgeneralized and narrowed in an improper way in the public pragmatics,went further and further from its original meanings in academic psychology,and was associated with the stigmatized metaphor and implication,such as degenerate,indecency,and brute.This suggests us to reconsider the use of the term"abnormal psy-chology"in contemporary psychological practices.关键词
变态/变态心理学/心理学史/心理病理学/心理卫生Key words
Abnormal/Abnormal psychology/History of psychology/Psychopathology/Psychological hygiene分类
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葛枭语.."变态":一个心理学术语在汉语世界的百年流变[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2023,31(6):1448-1455,8.
