大麦与谷类科学2023，Vol.40Issue(6)：23-27,38,6.DOI:10.14069/j.cnki.32-1769/s.2023.06.004
基于宽幅精播的不同耕作方式对土壤理化性状、小麦产量品质及主要病虫草害的影响
Effects of Different Farming Methods Under Wheat Wide-precision Planting on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Yield,Quality and Main Diseases,Pests and Weeds of Wheat
摘要
Abstract
In order to provide theoretical basis for evaluating and selecting suitable tillage methods under wheat wide-precision planting,the effects of four tillage methods(deep ploughing,deep loosening,no-tillage and rotary tillage)on soil physicochemical properties and wheat yield,quality,main diseases,pests and weeds in western Shandong Province were studied.The results showed that the yield and its three key factors in deep ploughing treatment were significantly higher than those in the other three treatments,and the order of yield was deep ploughing(568.8 kg/667 m2)＞deep loosening(538.3 kg/667 m2)≥ no tillage(530.3 kg/667 m2)≥ rotary tillage(521.3 kg/667 m2).Among the four treatments,no-tillage treatment significantly increased soil water content,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents(P＜0.05),and reduced soil porosity.In terms of wheat quality components,no-tillage treatment increased the content of grain protein and its stable time,and the order of protein content was no tillage(14.2％)≥ deep loosening(13.5％)≥ rotary tillage(13.1％)≥ deep tillage(12.9％),and the order of stable time was no tillage(10.5 min)≥ deep loosening(8.2 min)≥ deep tillage(7.5 min)≥rotary tillage(7.2 min).The incidence of wheat diseases,pests and weeds in deep ploughing treatment was lower than that in other treatments.In order to realize the simultaneous improvement of wheat yield and quality in production,it is suggested that soil preparation can be explored by the combination of deep ploughing once every 2-3 years with no-tillage,which was also beneficial to maintain the reasonable physical and chemical structure of soil.关键词
耕作方式/土壤理化性质/小麦/产量/品质/病虫草害Key words
Farming methods/Soil physicochemical properties/Wheat/Yield/Quality/Diseases,pests and weeds分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙允超,熊永星,冀传允,程倩倩,张新,冯盛烨,吕鹏,鞠正春..基于宽幅精播的不同耕作方式对土壤理化性状、小麦产量品质及主要病虫草害的影响[J].大麦与谷类科学,2023,40(6):23-27,38,6.基金项目
山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划(SDNYXTTG-2022-10) （SDNYXTTG-2022-10）
山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队聊城试验站专项(SDAIT-01-19、SDAIT-01-08) （SDAIT-01-19、SDAIT-01-08）
国家小麦产业技术体系聊城试验站专项(CARS-3-2). （CARS-3-2）
