交通信息与安全2023，Vol.41Issue(5)：138-147,10.DOI:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2023.05.014
考虑安全与效率的路外停车场内部车行交通组织优化方法
An Optimization Method for Internal Vehicle-traffic Organization in Off-street Parking Lot Considering Safety and Efficiency
摘要
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of off-street parking lots and to ensure road traffic,this study proposes an opti-mization method for internal vehicle-traffic organization in off-street parking lots.A directed weighted graph is uti-lized to represent the layout of exit/entrance and passages of a parking lot and the traffic organization within the parking lot,thereby transforming the optimization problem of traffic organization into the optimization problem of adjacency matrix.With safety and efficiency as the optimization objectives,three evaluation indicators,i.e.,poten-tial conflict risk,parking travel time and node equilibrium coefficient are used.Thereby the optimization model for internal traffic organization of parking lots is established,considering the constraints of the number of parking spots and passage capacity.The optimization problem is solved using genetic algorithm.To compare the effects of traffic organization before and after optimization,VISSIM-simulation is adopted based on data from an empirical case.The parameters such as queue length at entrances/exits,individual parking time,distribution of conflict points,and use ratio of parking spots are selected for comparison,along with sensitivity analysis of model parameters and traf-fic flow.The results show that:①the model can compensate for the limitations of qualitative research and subjec-tive empirical judgements,achieving quantitative optimization of the internal traffic organization in off-street park-ing lots.②The queue lengths at entrances/exits reduces by 25.8%on average;the number of parking spots with use ratio in the range of 0 to 1.8 decreases by 5.89%;and the kernel density of conflict points also reduces.③ The mod-el is relatively stable as it is insensitive to the variations of parameters of potential conflict risks within the range of±0.1 to±0.3.4)Within a range of-20%to+20%regarding the variation of traffic volume,the optimized solution en-sures the corresponding variations of individual parking time and the average queue length remain within 10%,which shows that the solution is adaptable to fluctuating traffic volumes in real-world scenarios.关键词
交通组织/路外停车场/优化模型/遗传算法/安全与效率Key words
traffic organization/off-street parking lot/optimization model/genetic algorithm/safety and efficiency分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
吴东平,聂小虎,常红光,朱顺应..考虑安全与效率的路外停车场内部车行交通组织优化方法[J].交通信息与安全,2023,41(5):138-147,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52272337)、武汉经开区 2022 年度"车谷英才计划"行业高端人才项目(20223225-4)资助 （52272337）
