江西农业大学学报2023，Vol.45Issue(6)：1331-1346,16.DOI:10.13836/j.jjau.2023123
干湿交替灌溉对旱直播水稻产量与品质的影响及其生理机制
Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Dry Direct Seeding Rice and Its Physiological Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Rice is one of the important food crops for human beings.Water shortage is one of the factors limiting the development of traditional rice production.While ensuring stable and excellent rice production,improving water utilization is of great significance to the efficient use of water resources in China.Compared with conventional transplanted rice,dry direct seeding is a streamlined planting mode,which can save time and labor,reduce irrigation water consumption,and improve water utilization.Characterized by maintaining a certain water layer and natural drying alternately,alternating wet and dry irrigation is a water-saving cultivation technology to effectively reduce the amount of irrigation water,which is of great significance to maintain food production and save agricultural water.The effects of different water management methods on water utilization,agronomic traits,antioxidant enzymes and osmoregulatory substances,photosynthetic substance production and transport,and nonstructural carbohydrate metabolism under dry direct seeding were investigated,and the differences in rice yield and quality under different water management methods were explored to provide a theoretical basis for rice dry direct seeding water-saving cultivation cropping system.[Method]In this experiment,dry direct seeding was combined with dry and wet alternate irrigation,and pot trials using Jiyu Japonica as the test material were conducted in 2021 and 2022.Three different water management methods were set up under dry direct seeding:conventional water management(D1),alternate wet and dry irrigation(D2,rehydration at a soil water potential of 0 kPa)and alternate wet and dry irrigation(D3,rehydration at a soil water potential of-15 kPa).[Result]The results of this experiment indicate,compared with conventional irrigation,alternating wet and dry irrigation increased the production of effective tillers,the physiological activity of rice leaves before filling and the transfer of non-structural carbohydrates from the stem sheath to the seeds.It also increased the enzyme activities of SuS,AGP,StS and SBE in rice seeds at filling,the number of grains per spike and the fruit set rate,and improved the yield of dry-seeded rice.[Conclusion]The optimal results are obtained when the soil water potential is-15 kPa under alternating wet and dry irrigation.关键词
水稻/旱直播/干湿交替灌溉/产量/品质Key words
rice/dry direct seeding/alternating wet and dry irrigation/yield/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
耿欣宇,杨宏森,邵玺文,刘月月,张强,郭丽颖,耿艳秋,桑梦祥,王金陆,王昊,宋春澎..干湿交替灌溉对旱直播水稻产量与品质的影响及其生理机制[J].江西农业大学学报,2023,45(6):1331-1346,16.基金项目
吉林省重大科技专项(20230302008NC) Project supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Jilin Province(20230302008NC) （20230302008NC）
