水产学报2024，Vol.48Issue(1)：52-67,16.DOI:10.11964/jfc.20211113145
枸杞岛筏式贻贝养殖海域鱼类群聚特征
Characteristics of fish assemblage in a mussel farming area in Gouqi Island waters
摘要
Abstract
The rapid development of marine aquaculture in China,especially that of raft shellfish culture,not only contributes directly to China’s economic benefits,but also facilitates fishery resources conservation to a certain extend.Large-scale raft culture,in a sense,has played a role of artificial floating reefs,providing tem-porary or permanent feeding or sheltering habitats for fish,which coincides with the core idea of marine ranch development based on floating reef systems.Fish assemblages and their community characteristics in raft mussel farming habitats play key roles in understanding functions of floating artificial reef system in marine ranching area.Hence,fish composition and community structure in surface and bottom levels of a mussel farming habitat in Gouqi Island waters and an adjacent rocky reef habitat were analyzed based on data collec-ted by multi-mesh trammel nets from September to December 2020.Index of relative importance(IRI),spe-cies diversity indices and non-metric multidimensional scaling(nMDS)analysis were used.A total of 55 fish species belonging to 47 genera in 34 families of 10 orders were collected from two habitats.Among which,37 species were collected from mussel farming habitat,including 29 species from bottom level and 20 species from surface level;40 species were collected from rocky habitat.In terms of dominant species composition,Lateolabrax maculatus and Mugil cephalus were the typical dominant species in the surface level of mussel farm-ing habitat,while Nibea albiflora and Sebastiscus marmoratus were the typical dominant species in the bottom level of mussel farming habitat.S.marmoratus was also a typical dominant species in the reef habitat.The similar-ity analysis showed that the similarity in species composition between the surface and bottom level of mussel farm-ing habitat and the reef habitat was below a moderate level of dissimilarity.Diversity analysis showed that the overall diversity of mussel farming habitat was higher than that of rocky reef habitat,but not significantly(P>0.05).The multivariate analysis indicated that fish community could be grouped into three types in the two habitats,though it was not strictly consistent with the surface area,bottom area and reef area.Results of ANOSIM suggest that there was significant difference among grouped communities(P<0.05).Our study suggests the follow-ing:①the presence of large-scale raft culture facilities in rocky island waters attract many pelagic and demersal fishes,providing additional habitat for dominant rocky fishes,among which S.marmoratus,N.albiflora,M.ceph-alus and L.maculatus could be suitable target species in the marine ranching programs of northern East China Sea;②mussel farming habitat and nearshore rocky reef habitat have obvious complementary and gain of habitat func-tions,which play essential roles on protection of common commercial fish populations in the East China Sea and comprehensive conservation of local fish in different life stages.It is hoped that this study may contribute to tech-nology as well as target fish selection in marine ranching programs and the application of artificial habitat con-struction model carried out in island waters.关键词
鱼类/群聚/贻贝养殖/浮鱼礁/海洋牧场/目标种/枸杞岛Key words
fish/assemblage/mussel farming/floating artificial reef/marine ranching/target species/Gouqi Island分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高炜程,汪振华,章守宇,林军,谭益国,李训猛,陈健渠..枸杞岛筏式贻贝养殖海域鱼类群聚特征[J].水产学报,2024,48(1):52-67,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901303,2018YFD0900905) （2019YFD0901303,2018YFD0900905）
上海海洋大学科技发展专项(A2-2006-20-200212) National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901303,2018YFD0900905) （A2-2006-20-200212）
Special Fund for Science and Technology Development of Shanghai Ocean University(A2-2006-20-200212) （A2-2006-20-200212）
