水产学报2024，Vol.48Issue(1)：93-100,8.DOI:10.11964/jfc.20211213215
中华绒螯蟹幼体的栖息生境选择与行为特征
Habitat selection and behavior characteristics of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)
摘要
Abstract
The transition from planktonic larva to benthic juvenile is a critical period for decapod crustaceans.If the habitat was suitable,the post-larval individuals will quickly settle down.In addition,individuals in different development stages may choose different habitats.Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)is an important eco-nomic species in China.The juvenile E.sinensis mainly live in the intertidal zone of the Yangtze Estuary,but there is no systematic study on its habitat selection patterns.Therefore,in order to explore the habitat preference of E.sinensis larvae,simulation experiments of four habitats common on Yangtze Estuary,namely Scirpus mariqueter,mud bottom,consolidated silt and gravel,were conducted in the laboratory.In addition,behavior observation and quantitative analysis of the megalopa,juvenile of E.sinensis(at stagesⅠ,ⅢandⅤ)were carried out in different habitats.The results showed that there were significant differences in the distributions of the four stages in the four habitats(Kruskal-Wallis test,P<0.05).The distribution proportions of megalopa(73.7%±6.8%),stage Ⅰjuven-ile(78.2%±8.8%),stageⅢjuvenile(53.6%±8.0%)and stageⅤjuvenile(54.8%±6.8%)in the S.mariqueter hab-itat were significantly higher than other habitats(P<0.05).The proportions of stageⅢandⅤjuvenile in mud and consolidated silt were significantly higher than other stages(P<0.05).Juveniles had swimming,cling,epibiosis and burying behaviors in S.mariqueter habitat.Megalopa and stageⅠjuvenile showed cling behavior,accounting for 82.1%±5.1%and 83.3%±8.7%of the group,respectively.Only megalopa showed swimming behavior(9.0%±3.7%).For stage Ⅲ,epibiosis(44.2%±17.9%)and burying rate(36.5%±16.7%)were significantly increased(P<0.05).In addition,since it is difficult to observe the stage Ⅴjuvenile,the behavior experiment of stageⅤjuvenile showed no results.Figure 4 shows the cumulative percentage of molting and mortality rates of juveniles within 5 days.Feeding and habitat had significant effects on the molting rate(feeding:F=166.48,P<0.05,habitat:F=198.09,P<0.05),and the interaction between them was significant(F=21.84,P<0.05).The juveniles were found to show significantly higher molting rate in S.mariqueter habitat(feed:86.7%±6.9%;not feed:81.1%±5.1%)compared to the mud and empty basin(P<0.05)regardless of being fed or not.Habitat had sig-nificant effect on mortality(F=27.16,P<0.05),while feeding had and interaction didn’t(F=0.22,P>0.05 and F=1.72,P>0.05).By pairwise comparison,in feeding group,the juveniles were found to show significantly higher mortality in mud(24.4%±1.9%)compared to the S.triqueter(13.3%±3.3%)and empty basin(14.4%±1.9%).In the non-feeding group,the juveniles had in significantly higher mortality in mud(26.6%±5.7%)compared to the empty basin(17.7%±1.9%)and S.triqueter(10.0%±3.3%).The results showed that the larvae of E.sinensis showed preference for vegetation habitats such as S.mariqueter,which may be related to the shelter provided by vegetation.The results of this study indicate the importance of vegetation habitat for the larval stage of E.sinensis,enrich the early life history data,and provide basic reference for resource conservation and habitat restoration.关键词
中华绒螯蟹/大眼幼体/仔蟹/生境选择/行为Key words
Eriocheir sinensis/megalopa/juvenile crab/habitat selection/behavior分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
伍烨菱,王思凯,赵峰,李春波,庄平..中华绒螯蟹幼体的栖息生境选择与行为特征[J].水产学报,2024,48(1):93-100,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32072982) （32072982）
上海市优秀学术带头人计划(21XD1405000) （21XD1405000）
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901202) National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072982) （2019YFD0901202）
Shanghai Academic Research Leader(21XD1405000) （21XD1405000）
National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901202) （2019YFD0901202）
