水产学报2024，Vol.48Issue(1)：143-155,13.DOI:10.11964/jfc.20210712971
凡纳滨对虾白便综合征发生与环境因子、机体免疫酶活性和微生物的相关性
Correlation analysis of white feces syndrome(WFS)of Litopenaeus vannamei with host immunity,environment factors and microbial community
摘要
Abstract
Shrimp white feces syndrome(WFS)was highly infectious and causes huge economic losses in shrimp aquaculture industry worldwide.In this study,the relationship between the occurrence of WFS in pond culture Litopenaeus vannamei and environmental factors,microbial factors,host immunity and water microbial com-munity composition were analyzed.Measures including water environment factors,culturable bacteria in shrimp hepatopancreas and water,immune activity in shrimp muscle and microbial community structure in water were detected.Compared with the healthy group,the fluctuation trend of water temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),pH,salinity and other physical and chemical factors in the diseased pond was similar,they were 26.1-29.0℃,4.26-6.08 mg/L,8.39-8.73,40-49,and DO and salinity were higher than those in the healthy group.The number of cul-turable bacteria and Vibrio spp.in hepatopancreas of the healthy shrimp were 1.19×105-7.70×105 CFU/g and 8.80×103-1.96×104 CFU/g,and the proportion of Vibrio spp.was 2%-16%.Furthermore,the number of culturable bacteria and Vibrio spp.in hepatopancreas of the diseased shrimp were 3.80×105-2.51×106 CFU/g and 2.02×105-1.49×106 CFU/g,the proportion of Vibrio spp.was 55%-70%,the number of Vibrio spp.was 15-113 times higher than that of healthy group.The activities of AKP,ACP,LZM,SOD and PO were 1.21-5.64,9.17-15.25,3.56-7.43,4.83-6.70 and 3.10-4.55 U/mg in healthy shrimp muscles,and 2.12-5.39,19.22-26.96,19.73-26.85,3.00-4.14 and 7.76-9.21 U/mg in diseased shrimp muscles.Comparative analysis showed that the occurrence of WFS was correl-ated with culturable bacteria,the proportion of Vibrio spp.,ACP,LZM,and PO.Microbial community structure analysis showed that the Ace and Chao indices of water bacteria structure in the diseased group showed a certain degree of downward trend,and the PCoA index was high.The relative abundance of Actinomycetota and Proteo-bacteria decreased,and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria increased significantly in dis-eased group.RDA analysis showed that salinity,DO,culturable bacteria in shrimp hepatopancreas and water and culturable Vibrio spp.in shrimp hepatopancreas were the main factors influencing the microbial community struc-ture in the water.The results indicated that the occurrence of WFS is affected by pathogen,body immunity and water microbial community composition,which provides data support for further pathogenic analysis of shrimp WFS,and establishes the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of WFS.The occurrence of aquatic dis-eases is the result of the comprehensive action of environmental factors,pathogenic microorganisms and host autoimmune ability.Comprehensive analysis of the pathogen of WFS,host immunity and changes in the structure of bacteria in water environment from the production practice is of great significance to explore the related factors of WFS occurrence and comprehensive control.It not only deepens the thinking of studying the occurrence of WFS from multiple perspectives,but also provides valuable information for strengthening the healthy cultivation of L.vannamei.关键词
凡纳滨对虾/白便综合征/水质理化因子/可培养细菌/机体免疫力/菌群结构Key words
Litopenaeus vannamei/white feces syndrome(WFS)/physical and chemical factors of water/cultur-able bacteria/immune capacity/microbial community structure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王印庚,戴岩,于永翔,蔡欣欣,张正,王春元,廖梅杰,李彬,荣小军,朱洪洋..凡纳滨对虾白便综合征发生与环境因子、机体免疫酶活性和微生物的相关性[J].水产学报,2024,48(1):143-155,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900102) （2019YFD0900102）
泰山产业领军人才项目(LJNY201802) （LJNY201802）
苏北科技专项(SZ-LYG202028) National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0900102) （SZ-LYG202028）
Taishan Industry Leading Talent(LJNY201802) （LJNY201802）
Policy Guidance Program of Jiangsu Province(SZ-LYG202028) （SZ-LYG202028）
