水科学进展2023，Vol.34Issue(5)：647-659,13.DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2023.05.001
维持黄河流域水沙平衡的调控指标阈值体系研究
Threshold system of regulation indicators for maintaining the runoff and sediment balance of the Yellow River basin
摘要
Abstract
The long-term stability of the Yellow River basin depends on its systematic governance and the coordinated regulation of runoff and sediment.Factors maintaining the balance of runoff and sediment in the Yellow River include climate,ecology,topography,and significant human activities.Clarifying the boundaries of the subsystems that regulate the overall behavior of runoff and sediment,studying regulation indicators,and maintaining runoff balance are crucial for understanding the function of the river system.This study constructed a basin-channel-estuary coordinated regulation indicator threshold system to maintain the runoff and sediment balance of the Yellow River from a basin-wide perspective.The results showed a three-level threshold system for runoff and sediment regulation based on maintaining the balance throughout the basin.This system includes one primary indicator,eight secondary indicators,and twenty tertiary indicators.In the erosion prevention and control indicator threshold system at the basin level,the threshold value of secondary rainfall that can cause sediment production under 60%coverage of forest,grass,and terrace is 57 mm.The effective coverage rate of forest and grass,along with the threshold value of the terrace ratio that can control sediment production,is 60%and 40%,respectively.The sediment interception and erosion reduction threshold value for check dams is 40%to 50%of the third-level channel control rate.In the runoff and sediment regulation indicator threshold system at the channel level,the recent threshold value of bankfull discharge in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of Yellow River is about 2 000 m3/s,and the long-term threshold value after the completion of the Heishanxia Reservoir is approximately 2 500 m3/s.The recent elevation control threshold of Tongguan is around 328 m and may decrease to approximately 326 m due to erosion after the completion of the Guxian Reservoir.The threshold value of bankfull discharge in the lower reaches of the river channel is about 4 000 m3/s.Considering the dynamic balance of siltation and erosion in the Yellow River Delta,the threshold value of stable sediment discharge in the estuary is around 260 million t/a.关键词
水沙关系/流域水沙平衡/水沙调控/阈值体系/黄河流域Key words
runoff and sediment relationship/runoff and sediment balance in the basin/runoff and sediment regulation/threshold system/Yellow River basin分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
胡春宏,张治昊,张晓明..维持黄河流域水沙平衡的调控指标阈值体系研究[J].水科学进展,2023,34(5):647-659,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0402408) （2016YFC0402408）
水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022086)The study is financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0402408)and the Major Science and Technology Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources,China(No.SKS-2022086). （SKS-2022086）
