土壤学报2023，Vol.60Issue(5)：1213-1220,8.DOI:10.11766/trxb202306120227
作物土传病害防控的健康微生物群落构建原理与实践
Principles and Practice of Building Healthy Microbial Community to Control Soil-borne Crop Disease in Intensive Agriculture
摘要
Abstract
The objective of crop production is to harvest the photosynthetic products of crops.The harvest of these products reduces the amount of organic materials returned into the croplands,resulting in a decline in organic matter and available nutrient contents in farmland soil.Such characteristics of farmland production and the plant-soil feedback result in the unsustainable nature of farmland soil productivity.Therefore,it is crucial to implement appropriate countermeasures to sustain soil productivity.The application of chemical fertilizers addresses the issue of nutrient depletion in farmland soil and substantially enhances crop yield.Intensive agriculture,characterized by the high use of chemicals,achieves high crop yield,but also generally stimulates the activity of soil-borne pathogens.Consequently,the frequent occurrence of crop soil-borne diseases has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of intensive agriculture.The existing studies have demonstrated a close association between aboveground biodiversity and soil microbial biodiversity,and plant-derived organic resource serves as the foundation for this relationship.Generally,soil-borne pathogens benefit more from crop root exudates than the antagonistic microbes.Monocropping in intensive agriculture leads to the simplification of available organic resources,resulting in a reduction in the biodiversity of active soil microbes,which further weakens soil suppressive ability against soil-borne pathogens.This paper proposes the addition of organic compounds during crop cultivation that can sustain the biodiversity of active soil microbes or enhance the activity of beneficial microbes,as an effective strategy to maintain soil biological health and suppress soil-borne diseases in intensive agriculture.To achieve this,it is crucial to investigate the organic compounds preferred by soil beneficial microorganisms and determine the optimal methods for organic amendment during crop growth.关键词
土壤健康/集约农业/有机物/病原菌/土壤生物多样性Key words
Soil health/Intensive agriculture/Organic matter/Pathogens/Soil biodiversity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡祖聪,黄新琦,赵军..作物土传病害防控的健康微生物群落构建原理与实践[J].土壤学报,2023,60(5):1213-1220,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目课题(42090065)和联合基金重点支持项目(U21A20226)资助 Supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42090065 and U21A20226) （42090065）
