土壤学报2023，Vol.60Issue(5)：1231-1247,17.DOI:10.11766/trxb202307210286
潮土、红壤和盐碱地障碍消减技术与产能提升模式研究进展
Research Progress on Barrier Remediation Technology and Productivity Enhancement Model for Fluvo-Aquic Soil,Red Soil,and Saline-Alkali Soil
摘要
Abstract
Farmland quality construction is a strategic requirement for ensuring food security in China.There is an urgent need to address issues such as soil acidification,salinization,infertility,and declining biological functions for medium to low-yield farmland,in order to comprehensively enhance farmland productivity in China.Based on long-term observation,research,and demonstration,the Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences has clarified the evolution rules and degradation control mechanisms of soil quality for major cultivated soil types such as fluvo-aquic soil,red soil,and saline-alkaline soil,and developed the theories and technical systems for farmland quality cultivating in different agricultural areas.For fluvo-aquic soil,the formation mechanisms of the internal stability for soil fertility through the synergetic linkage among organic matter,aggregate,and microbe were clarified,the sensing equipment for monitoring farmland soil and crop information were developed,and the models to integrate the construction of fertile cultivated layer and the balanced enhance of crop yield at large-scale were established.For red soil,the mechanisms for inhibiting soil acidification by improving acid buffering capacity and microbial keystone taxa-driven nutrient transformation were revealed,the technologies for synergistic inhibition and resistance of soil acidification and biological fertility cultivation of soil macro-aggregates were developed,and the ecological modes for farmland quality and productivity enhancement in Jiangxi Province were classified and established.For saline-alkali soil,the nitrogen migration and conversion processes associated with soil water-salt management were clarified,the synergistic mechanism and key technologies of salinization obstacles reduction and nutrient enhancement were developed,the soil accelerating fertility cultivation mode and the soil salinization ecological remediation mode were innovated for the coastal region and Hetao Irrigation District respectively.Future research should focus on farmland quality investigation and construction management,farmland soil obstacle remediation and productivity improvement,and soil health management and ecological protection.We need to break through the technical bottleneck for soil obstacle remediation,develop a series of conditioners and biological fertilizer products,improve the implementation rate of regional management modes,and finally establish a systematic solution for improving farmland quality and sustainably utilizing farmland resources in China.关键词
潮土/红壤/盐碱地/肥沃耕层/酸缓冲性/水氮盐调控/产能提升Key words
Fluvo-aquic soil/Red soil/Saline-alkali soil/Fertile cultivated layer/Acid buffering capacity/Water,nitrogen and salt regulation/Productivity enhancement分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙波,朱安宁,姚荣江,沈仁芳,张佳宝..潮土、红壤和盐碱地障碍消减技术与产能提升模式研究进展[J].土壤学报,2023,60(5):1231-1247,17.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900600)、国家农业科技项目(NK18-3,NK18-4)和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-52)资助 Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFD1900600),the National Agricultural Science and Technology Project of China(Nos.NK18-3,NK18-4),and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(No.CARS-52) （2022YFD1900600）
