土壤学报2023，Vol.60Issue(5)：1309-1323,15.DOI:10.11766/trxb202307310301
中国农业面源污染防控研究进展与工程案例
Progress in Research and Engineering Application Cases of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in China
摘要
Abstract
Non-point source pollution from agriculture is characterized by its dispersed and random occurrence,uncertain discharge,fluctuating concentrations,diverse pollutant types,and widespread,high-volume impact,making its management a global challenge.At present,the prevention and control of non-point source pollution in China remains a challenge due to unclear overall pollution levels,and the estimation of non-point source pollution load varies greatly among different departments or researchers.Based on decades of site-specific experiments and holistic observational data,it was believed that even though both the national pollution census data and estimations from researchers have overestimated the proportion of pollution emissions from plantations in the total amount of non-point source pollution,the total emissions from plantation remain high and must be given adequate attention and control.Drawing on more than 30 years of experience in controlling non-point source pollution in China,scholars from the Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences have proposed the 3R(Reduce-Retain-Restore)and 4R(Reduce-Retain-Reuse-Restore)strategies for agricultural non-point source pollution control.Accompanied by upgrades in prevention and control technology,optimization of combinations,technological productization,and equipping the 4R strategy has gradually evolved and expanded into 4R+,providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the control of non-point source pollution in China.After being implemented in some typical areas,these strategies have resulted in successful experiences and case studies in controlling agricultural non-point source pollution.Nevertheless,the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution still faces many challenges.A deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between soil and pollutants is pivotal.Moreover,to achieve efficient resource recycling,it is imperative to enhance the purification and recovery rates of key pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus,ensuring that agricultural productivity is increased while simultaneously reducing the environmental pollutant load.关键词
农业面源污染/4R策略/成功工程案例/污染防控/种植业源排放Key words
Agricultural non-point source pollution/4R strategy/Successful engineering application cases/Pollution prevention and control/Emissions from plantation sources分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
施卫明,王远,闵炬..中国农业面源污染防控研究进展与工程案例[J].土壤学报,2023,60(5):1309-1323,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700801)资助 Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD1700801) （2021YFD1700801）
