中南大学学报（自然科学版）2023，Vol.54Issue(12)：4652-4661,10.DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2023.12.005
湿法炼锌过程铜回收率提升工艺研究
Process of improving copper recovery rate in zinc hydrometallurgy
摘要
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low copper recovery and impurity accumulation in conventional zinc refining process,a two stage countercurrent acid leaching process was proposed,which includes weak acid leaching of copper while precipitating iron,strong acid enhanced copper leaching,recovery of copper from weak leaching solution,neutralization and impurity removal.Firstly,zinc calcine was leached with weak acid to avoid the problem of copper precipitation in neutral leaching,and some iron was precipitated into residue.Secondly,strong acid leaching destructed mineral structures such as oxides,ferrites,silicates,and the maximum leaching of valuable copper components was realized.Thirdly,copper was recovered from weak acid leaching solution by iron powder replacement method and then neutralized to remove impurities.Finally,the effects of parameters such as system acidity,reaction temperature and time on the leaching and precipitation of Zn,Fe and Cu elements in leaching were investigated.The results show that the elemental behavior of the leaching process and the destructive dissolution of complex Zn and Cu phases in the roasted ore are mainly influenced by the acidity of the system.The reaction temperature and reaction time have less influence on the dissolution of complex phases.Under the conditions of 80℃,2.5 h,and 400 r/min stirring speed,the precipitation rate of iron is 72.17%and the copper extraction is 67.24%for weak acid leaching,and the leaching rates of zinc and copper are 91.86%and 71.83%for low acid leaching,respectively.The copper precipitation rate in the copper precipitation stage of weak acid leaching solution is 93.2%under the condition of 70℃,20 min,400 r/min stirring speed and iron powder addition coefficient of 3.Due to the complexity of zinc and copper in the raw material,insoluble and soluble phases are diverse,increasing the difficulty of efficient comprehensive recovery of zinc and copper metals.Oxides,silicates and other mineral structures are more thoroughly destroyed,while sulfides,ferrites dissolution effect is poor,and copper recovery can increase to 70%.关键词
铜回收率/湿法炼锌/水解沉铁/铁粉沉铜Key words
copper recovery rate/zinc hydrometallurgy/hydrolyzed iron precipitation/metallic iron precipitated copper分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
保雪凡,张程,邓志敢,周正华,林文军,刘自虎,邱伟佳,魏昶..湿法炼锌过程铜回收率提升工艺研究[J].中南大学学报（自然科学版）,2023,54(12):4652-4661,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51964029,51804146) （51964029,51804146）
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1900402) （2018YFC1900402）
云南省应用基础研究计划项目(202001AT070079)(Projects(51964029,51804146)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （202001AT070079）
Project(2018YFC1900402)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （2018YFC1900402）
Project(202001AT070079)supported by Yunnan Provincial Applied Foundation Research Plan) （202001AT070079）
