Analysis of the effect of the 2021 Semeru eruption on water vapor content and atmospheric particles using GNSS and remote sensingOA
Analysis of the effect of the 2021 Semeru eruption on water vapor content and atmospheric particles using GNSS and remote sensing
Mount Semeru,an active volcano in East Java,Indonesia,erupted on December 4,2021,following extreme rainfall that caused an avalanche of hot pyroclastic flows and lava.The tropospheric conditions and dominant particle components in the atmosphere can be monitored using Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)technology and remote sensing satellites.GNSS signal propagation delay in Precise Point Positioning(PPP)processing can be used to determine Zenith Tropospheric Delay(ZTD)and Precipitable Water Vapor(PWV)variables so that atmospheric conditions can be generated.In addition,by using remote sensing satellite data,it ispossible to obtain rainfall data with high temporal resolution as well as the dominant particle and gas content values during eruptions.During the eruption period,the high value of PWV was dominated by the high intensity of precipitation during the rainy season.High rainfall before the eruption caused activity inside the mountain to increase,which occurred in avalanche type eruption.Apart from that,the atmosphere around Semeru was also dominated by SO2 content,which spreaded for tens of kilometers.SO2 content began to be detected significantly by remote sensing sensors on December 7,2021.In this study,deformation and atmospheric monitoring were also carried out using low-cost GNSS at the Semeru Monitoring Station on September 9-15,2022.The results of the ZTD and ZWD values show the dominance of the wet component,which is directly proportional to rainfall activity in this period.
Mokhamad Nur Cahyadi;Hilda Lestiana;Arizal Bawasir;Syachrul Arief;Amien Widodo;Meifal Rusli;Deni Kusumawardani;Yessi Rahmawati;Ana Martina;Putra Maulida
Department of Geomatics Engineering,Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember,Surabaya 60111,Indonesia||Research Center of Marine and Earth Science-Technology,Directorate of Research and Community Service,Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111,IndonesiaResearch Center for Geological Resources,National Research and Innovation Agency,Jakarta 10340,IndonesiaDepartment of Geomatics Engineering,Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember,Surabaya 60111,IndonesiaGeospatial Education and Training Division,Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),Cibinong 16911,IndonesiaDepartment of Geophysics Engineering,Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember,Surabaya 60111,IndonesiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering,Andalas University,Padang City 25175,IndonesiaDepartment of Economics,Airlangga University,Surabaya 60286,Indonesia
SemeruGNSSWater vaporRainfallSO2
《大地测量与地球动力学（英文版）》 2024 (001)
33-41 / 9
The authors are grateful to the Indonesian Collaborative Research(RKI)2022:598/IT2/T/HK.00.01/2022 and Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation of Indonesia for the data and financial support of this research.
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