大型医院交通集散空间布局规划及优化研究OA

In recent years,the development of hospitals is moving towards large-scale and integrated forms,which also brings traffic problems such as congestion at the entrance and exit of hospitals,parking difficulties,and insufficient connection between hospitals and external traffic.This paper studies and improves the layout form of external distribution space of hospitals,so as to alleviate the traffic congestion and chaos outside large hospitals.First of all,the external distribution space of the hospital is defined as"the area where all kinds of arriving,departing and passing traffic slow down,queue up,park and pedestrians wait at the entrance and exit of the hospital and the surrounding roads".The external characteristics of large hospital traffic distribution space were determined from three aspects:traffic flow characteristics,space area and management responsibilities,and the essential function of the hospital traffic distribution space was determined to be approaching—slowing down—judging—getting on and off—leaving.According to different functions,the distribution space area was specifically divided into traffic retardation area,getting on and off area,queuing area for vehicles entering the hospital and traffic conflict area.Through the investigation and analysis of large hospitals,the unique regularity of vehicle survey in large hospitals was found,and the planning methods and parameters of 5 main types of traffic flow lines in the traffic distribution space of large hospitals were determined by combining qualitative and quantitative methods.Based on the demand of space flow line and the design theory of building square and urban road,the paper analyzes the traffic characteristics and planning points of the hospital distribution space,including reasonable planning of the internal plot of the hospital,paying attention to the layout and planning of temporary parking space,and the diversion and isolation of the flow line.Finally,the layout principles of the functional areas of the distribution space are put forward,and the planning methods of the hospital traffic distribution space are expounded from the aspects of temporary parking,transportation facilities layout and road function division.According to the geographical location,economic conditions and actual operation requirements of the hospital,a composite vertical layout model suitable for large-scale distribution square and conditional implementation of three-dimensional transformation,a flat square layout model with a single plane and distribution square,and a land shortage layout model suitable for a large building scale and tight land conditions were proposed.The above research results can provide a strong reference for urban planners to alleviate hospital traffic problems.However,this study mainly focuses on large hospitals with a single main entrance and compact layout,so other types of hospital distribution Spaces still need to be further summarized and divided.In the future,we will continue to deeply study the road part involved in the distribution space,and combine the knowledge of planning fields such as road red line concession,so as to provide a more comprehensive and systematic solution for the design and management of the hospital traffic distribution space.