汲取与包容性治理视角下的土地发展权转移与乡村发展OACHSSCDCSTPCD

Land development rights transfer(LDRT),centered on the variation of urban and rural construction areas,is an important policy to promote rural development through the redistribution of land increment income.However,local governments exhibit different rural development outcomes during implementation of LDRT.In this study,how LDRT affects rural development under differentiated local governance was explored from the perspective of extractive and inclusive institutions.Regions which have established inclusive institutions can realize long-term sustainable development.Politically,inclusive institutions maintain legal order and form extensive distribution of power.Economically,inclusive institutions demonstrate clear security of property rights and market-oriented allocation of resource elements.However,extractive institutions have the opposite characteristics.In this study,the influences of LDRT on rural development were investigated through case study comparison of Dezhou and Chengdu from the perspective of extractive and inclusive governance traits of local governments.Under extractive governance,local governments promote LDRT coercively,monopolize the transaction market,and exhaust the property rights of collective construction land by catering to land finance.Due to the absence of a transaction mechanism,the rural collective construction land quota benefits the city,but no capital investment is attracted to rural areas.Finally,this causes impairment of rights and interests of villages and peasants.The poor interaction between governance and rights and interests hinders rural development.This manifests in the governments'fast and mandatory promotion of village integration when it benefits the city,and governments'monopoly over the land market harming countryside social capital.Under inclusive governance,local governments establish villager councils to promote grassroots democracy and give full autonomy to villagers by centering urban-rural development.Moreover,inclusive governments clarify property rights,confirm the rights to households,build market transaction platforms of development rights,and maintain market operation.Under such institutional design,rural areas can attract urban capital with land resources,realize multi-subject sharing of land value-added revenues through market mechanisms,and facilitate the growth of rural incomes and rural development.The interaction between governance and rights and interests promotes rural development.This not only guarantees villagers'rights and interests by confirmation and certification of property rights and establishment of villager councils in the city quota stages,but also by establishing licenses for use and price protection mechanisms in the stage of countryside capital.The essence of different local governance paths lies in the differences of government and market strength between the institutional and cultural environments of South and North China.Therefore,more attention should be given to institutional reform of market-oriented institutional environments during promotion of rural development with LDRT.On this basis,the comprehensive confirmation of rights of collective building land should be promoted to protect the rights and interests of villagers.Moreover,a transaction platform should be established and the transaction scope gradually expanded to clarify the value of development rights and realize sharing of value-added revenues.