南京农业大学学报2024，Vol.47Issue(1)：133-141,9.DOI:10.7685/jnau.202208024
日粮精粗比对舍饲育肥牦牛瘤胃菌群结构、挥发性脂肪酸及其转运载体表达量的影响
Effects of dietary concentrate to roughage ratio on the structure of rumen bacterial flora,volatile fatty acids and the expression of their transport vectors in fattened yaks
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]This experiment was based on the fertilizer yak as the research object,to explore different dietary concentrate to roughage ratio effect on the body metabolism of fattening yaks.It was expected to provide reference for the regulation and control of diet in Qinghai yaks in the process of large-scale,industrial and modern breeding.[Methods]15 yaks had been randomly divided into 3 groups.The yaks had been fed with different concentrates to roughage ratios(group A:concentrate∶roughage = 3∶7,group B:concentrate∶roughage = 5∶5,group C:concentrate∶roughage = 7∶3).After regular feeding 90 days,these fasting yaks had been slaughtered during early morning.Then we collected the rumen fluid and the rumen epithelial tissue through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing,gas chromatography,RT-qPCR,and Western blot test methods to explore the changes of the structure of rumen bacterial flora,rumen fermentation parameters and the expression of volatile fatty acid(VFA)transport vector in rumen epithelium of house fed fattening yak in diets with different concentrate crude ratio.[Results]The ratio of concentrate to roughage significantly affected the structure of rumen bacterial flora.The results showed that the ratio of concentrate to roughage had significant effects on Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,Lentisphaerae and Tenericutes in rumen bacteria of yaks.The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes and Lentisphaerae significantly increased with the increase of the proportion of concentrate(P<0.05).The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Tenericutes significantly decreased(P<0.05).On the level of the genus,with the increase of concentrate proportion,the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group,Christensenellaceae R7 group,Saccharofermentans,Succiniclasticum and Lachnoclostridium significantly increased(P<0.05).Ruminococcus and Bacteroides in group C had a relative abundance significantly lower than group A(P<0.05).Prevotella,Pseudobutyrivibrio and Treponema in group B and group C had a relative abundance significantly higher than group A(P<0.05).The rumen pH and VFA were significantly affected by different concentrate-to-forage ratio diets.With the increase of concentrate-to-forage ratio,the rumen pH value of yak decreased significantly(P<0.05).The concentration of propionic acid,valeric acid and total VFA significantly increased(P<0.05),while the concentration of acetic acid and acetic acid/propionic acid significantly decreased(P<0.05).The concentration of butyric acid and isobutyric acid in group C were significantly higher than those in group A and group B(P<0.05).The results showed that downregulated in adenoma gene(DRA),putative anion transporter 1 gene(PAT1),monocarboxylate transporter 1 gene(MCT1)and monocarboxylate transporter 4 gene(MCT4),which were involved in the absorption and transport of VFA in the rumen epithelium increased significantly in mRNA level with the increase of the proportion of dietary concentrate(P<0.05).The anion exchanger 2 gene(AE2)significantly decreased(P<0.05).And the protein levels were consistent with mRNA.With the increase of the proportion of concentrate and roughage in the diet,the production performance of yaks,including the average daily gain,feed conversion ration and slaughter percentage also increased.And there was a significant difference among them(P<0.05).[Conclusions]High-concentrate diet could increase the relative abundance of non-cellulolytic bacteria in rumen of yak,and rapidly convert a large amount of energy feed and protein feed into VFA,which could provide energy for the body.VFA transporters in rumen epithelial cells are activated to increase their expression,and VFA transporters into the blood to enhance the lipid metabolism substrate,achieving the effect of rapid fattening ultimately.关键词
舍饲牦牛/日粮精粗比/瘤胃细菌菌群/挥发性性脂肪酸/挥发性性脂肪酸转运载体/生产性能Key words
house-fed yaks/dietary concentrate to roughage ratio/rumen bacterial flora/volatile fatty acids(VFA)/VFA transport carrier/production performance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐俊杰,蔡亚非,王莹,丁宁,马向花,刘塔,周天赐,李涛,袁朝海,张威..日粮精粗比对舍饲育肥牦牛瘤胃菌群结构、挥发性脂肪酸及其转运载体表达量的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2024,47(1):133-141,9.基金项目
青海省海南州科技计划项目(2022-KZ03-B,2022-KH02-D,2022-KT09-D) （2022-KZ03-B,2022-KH02-D,2022-KT09-D）
