天津农业科学2023，Vol.29Issue(12)：32-38,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2023.12.006
基于开花物候期和花粉质量初步筛选库尔勒香梨适宜的授粉品种
Preliminary Screening of Suitable Pollination Varieties for Korla Fragrant Pear Based on Flowering Phe-nology and Pollen Quality
摘要
Abstract
Korla fragrant pear is one of the pillar industries of Xinjiang's characteristic forest and fruit industry,and belongs to a pear variety with strict cross-pollination.Screening suitable pollination varieties under site conditions in southern Xinjiang is an important technical measure to achieve quality and efficiency improvement of Korla fragrant pear.In the two years 2021-2022,a survey was conducted on the relative effective pollination period of over 30 pear varieties and Korla fragrant pear during the flowering period.The blood cell counting plate method and pollen in vitro germination method were used to detect the anther pollen quantity and pollen in vitro germination rate of the tested pear varieties.The results showed that the average effective pollination period between the tested pear varieties and Korla fragrant pear in 2021 was 7.82 days,and the average effective pollination period between the tested pear va-rieties and Korla fragrant pear in 2022 was 6.07 days.The overall flowering period of different pear varieties in 2022 was shortened compared to 2021 due to the influence of high temperature;The variation range of anther pollen quantity among varieties was 214.29-6 928.57 grains·anther-1,The average was 4 435.79 grains·anther-1.The variation range of pollen germination rate in vitro among va-rieties was 4.23%-74.70%,The average was 36.52%,The two indicators show significant differences between varieties.By compre-hensively weighing the effective pollination period,anther pollen quantity,and pollen germination rate of different pear varieties for two consecutive years,combined with the field performance of each variety for many years,14 Korla fragrant pear pollination varieties were selected:Dangshan Suli,Yali,Xuehuali,Nanguoli,Hosuii,Meigetsu,Wonhwang,Eli No.1,Hanhong,Huanghua,Zaosuli,Zhongli No.1,Xinfei and Akesu Jujuli as the basis for the screening of the next artificial pollination experiment.The aim is to provide scientific references for selecting excellent pollination varieties of fragrant pears and enriching Xinjiang pear germplasm resources.关键词
库尔勒香梨/授粉/开花物候期/花药花粉量/花粉萌芽率Key words
Kuerle fragrant pear/pollination/blooming phenophase/anther pollen quantity/pollen germination rate分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
程嘉宝,王春峰,薛大虎,张峰,王言君,何天明..基于开花物候期和花粉质量初步筛选库尔勒香梨适宜的授粉品种[J].天津农业科学,2023,29(12):32-38,7.基金项目
农业领域兵团重点研发项目(2021AB016) （2021AB016）
新疆维吾尔自治区林果提质增效项目(XJLYKJ-2021-13) （XJLYKJ-2021-13）
