土壤2023，Vol.55Issue(6)：1187-1197,11.DOI:10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2023.06.004
控释氮肥减量对糜子产量、氮素利用及土壤氮含量的影响
Effects of Controlled-release N Fertilizer Reduction on Prosomillet Yield,Nitrogen Utilization and Soil N Content
摘要
Abstract
In this study,aiming at the problems of low nitrogen utilization rate caused by single nitrogen fertilizer type and"one-blast"fertilization in prosomillet production in the dry farming area of the Loess Plateau,local conventional nitrogen urea N 120 kg/hm2(TU)was taken as the control,different treatments of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer(CRNF)reduction were designed,the changes of soil nitrogen contents and prosomillet yield,nitrogen accumulation and distribution at maturity stage and nitrogen use efficiency were analyzed in order to provide support for the establishment of simple cultivation technology of prosomillet.The results show that CRNF significantly increases prosomillet yield by increasing the number and weight of spikes per unit area by 3.88%and 4.97%in two years,respectively.Prosomillet yield under CRNF reduction of less than 20%is not significantly different with that of TU.CRNF increases nitrogen accumulation by 1.97%to 3.21%in prosomillets at the maturity stage,and increases the distribution of prosomillet nitrogen to the seeds by 0.55%-1.18%,and prosomillet nitrogen accumulation under CRNF reduction of 20%or more is significantly lower than that of TU.CRNF improves the apparent N fertilizer utilization,N fertilizer bias productivity,N fertilizer agronomic utilization,and N physiological utilization of prosomillets,in which N fertilizer bias productivity is significantly increased by 3.88%-4.14%.Compared with TU,equal amount of CRNF significantly increases soil nitrate and ammonium N contents by 5.41%-11.80%and 4.04%-14.77%at tassel and maturity stages of prosomillets,respectively.With the decrease of CRNF,all forms of soil nitrogen show a decreasing trend in prosomillet fields,and soil nitrate and ammonium N contents under N reduction of more than 20%are significantly lower than those of TU.Correlation analysis shows that nitrogen accumulation and yield of prosomillets have a positive significant correlation(P<0.01),and nitrogen use efficiency index has the highest correlation with soil nitrate nitrogen content.In conclusion,CRNF can significantly improve soil nitrogen supply capacity in the middle and late growth stages of prosomillets,promote the uptake and utilization of nitrogen by prosomillets and thus increase its yield and economic efficiency while does not significantly reduce its yield at a moderate nitrogen reduction of 20%,so CRNF has a great potential for nitrogen reduction in prosomillets production.关键词
氮素积累及分配/硝态氮/微生物生物量氮/氮肥农学利用效率Key words
Nitrogen accumulation and allocation/Nitrate N/Microbial N/N fertilizer agronomic use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王英,刘景辉,武俊英,米俊珍,孙梦媛,张兰英,冯学颖..控释氮肥减量对糜子产量、氮素利用及土壤氮含量的影响[J].土壤,2023,55(6):1187-1197,11.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B04-02)和内蒙古"草原英才"创新团队资金项目资助. （2015BAD22B04-02）
