植物营养与肥料学报2023，Vol.29Issue(12)：2322-2331,10.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2023205
磷肥施用量和方式对辣椒产量及磷素吸收利用的影响
Effects of phosphorus application rates and methods on the yield,phosphorus uptake and utilization of pepper
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]Overuse of phosphorus(P)fertilizer is common in vegetable production,causing low use efficiency and high environmental risks.It is great significance to study suitable P fertilization rates that matched with appropriate application methods.[Methods]A two-year field experiment was conducted in the typical red soil of southwest China,taking pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)as the test materials.Five P basal fertilization treatments were set up:broadcasting P2O5300 kg/hm2(B300),broadcasting P2O5150 kg/hm2(B150),broadcasting P2O5100 kg/hm2(B100),drill applying P2O5100 kg/hm2(I100),drill applying N and P together at P2O5 rate 100 kg/hm2(L100),a no P application control(CK)was made at the same time.The pepper fruit yield,biomass,P content were measured at harvest stage,and P use efficiency,soil P surplus,P index,economic income were calculated.[Results]All the five P treatments were recorded similar pepper fruit yields,regardless P rate and application methods,and B150,I100 and L100 were recorded significantly higher pepper yield than CK.Compared with CK,the I100 and L100 treatment increased fruit biomass significantly,but there was no significant difference in fruit biomass among the five P treatments.I100 treatment achieved the highest economic benefit the two years'of experiment.P application rate had no effect on the P content of various parts of peppers,but L100 treatment significantly increased P accumulation in the pepper fruit,and thereby achieved the highest agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity of P fertilizer,while B300 achieved the lowest values.P application rate affected P surplus significantly but P application methods did not in the two years.B300 led to the highest P surplus in soil(116.4 kg/hm2),while the other four P treatments reduced the surplus by 59.5%-82.1%,compared to B300.Based on P index,the P loss risk level of I100,L100 was low,and other P treatments were medium.[Conclusions]Reducing P fertilizer input from 300 to 100 kg/hm2,and replacing broadcast method with drill application would not impact pepper yield,but improve the P use efficiency greatly due to the reduced P fertilizer input and surplus in soil,and increase the economic benefit of pepper at last.关键词
磷肥减施/磷肥穴施/辣椒产量/磷肥利用率/磷表观盈余/磷风险等级Key words
phosphorus fertilizer reduction/drill application/pepper yield/phosphorus use efficiency/phosphorus surplus in soil/phosphorus loss risk grade引用本文复制引用
崔玉涛,李顺晋,王媛,孙凯,李浩然,张伟..磷肥施用量和方式对辣椒产量及磷素吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2023,29(12):2322-2331,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32002139) （32002139）
西南大学科研启动经费项目(SWU120071). （SWU120071）
