动物营养学报2023，Vol.35Issue(12)：7852-7864,13.DOI:10.12418/CJAN2023.713
荷斯坦奶牛产犊前后瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系变化规律的研究
Study on Changes of Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microflora in Dairy Cows before and after Delivery
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the changes of rumen fermentation parameters and microflo-ra in dairy cows before and after delivery.Twenty Holstein cows(similar in age,body condition,number of lactation,due date and milk yield of last parity)were selected and six cows of them were randomly selected,rumen fluid was collected before morning feeding at 7 d prenatal(-7 d)and 7 d postnatal(+7 d)to detect ru-men fermentation parameters and microbial composition.The results showed as follows:1)the pH in postpar-tum period was extremely significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the concentrations of total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)and propionate in postpartum period were extremely significantly higher than those in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the concentration of acetate in postpartum period was significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.05),the difference between rumen ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N)before and af-ter delivery was not significant(P＞0.05),and rumen microprotein(MCP)concentration tended to decrease after parturition(0.05≤P＜0.10).2)The results of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the al-pha diversity indexes of rumen bacteria in dairy cows was significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of rumen Firmicutes,Patescibacteria,Kiritimatiellaeota,Spirochaetes,Fibrobacteres,Verrucomicrobia,Lentisphaerae and WPS-2 was extremely significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria was ex-tremely significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),and the relative abundance of Actinomyce-tes was significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Prevotella_7 and Shuttleworthia was significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.05),and the rel-ative abundance of Ruminococcus,Anaerovorax,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group,Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group,Candidatus_Saccharimonas,Papillibacter,Saccharofer-mentans was extremely significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01).The relative abundance of Olsenella and Stenotrophomonas was significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01).3)The results of ITS high-throughput sequencing showed that the Chao1 index and ACE index of rumen fungi were signifi-cantly higher than those in prenatal period(P＜0.05),the Shannon index and Simpson index were extremely significantly lower than those in prenatal period(P＜0.01).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of An-thophyta was extremely significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota was extremely significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the relative abundance of Chlorophyta was significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Gossypium was extremely significantly higher than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01).the relative abundance of Aspergillus,Chenopodium,Arocladium Acremonium was extremely signifi-cantly lower than that in prenatal period(P＜0.01),the relative abundance of Glycine,Wallemia,Nigrospora and Penicillium was significantly lower than that in prenatal period(P≤0.05),and the relative abundance of Debaryomyces was decreased after parturition(0.05＜P＜0.10).It can be seen that there are significant differ-ences in rumen fermentation before and after delivery,and the richness and diversity of rumen bacteria and fun-gi change significantly as cows enter the early lactation stage from the end of gestation.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2023,35(12):7852-7864]关键词
荷斯坦奶牛/产犊前后/瘤胃指标/瘤胃细菌/瘤胃真菌Key words
Holstein dairy cows/before and after delivery/rumen index/rumen bacteria/rumen fungus分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马丽琴,王玲,温万,田佳,厉龙,王琨,周佳敏,李委奇,路婷婷,徐寒..荷斯坦奶牛产犊前后瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系变化规律的研究[J].动物营养学报,2023,35(12):7852-7864,13.基金项目
宁夏回族自治区农业特色优势产业新品种选育专项—优质高产奶牛选育(2019NYYZ05) （2019NYYZ05）
