水利水电技术（中英文）2023，Vol.54Issue(12)：35-50,16.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2023.12.004
灌溉和种植方式对双季稻田NH3挥发和N2O排放的影响
Effects of irrigation and planting methods on ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emissions from double-cropping rice
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effect of the methods of planting and irrigation on water use efficiency and gaseous loss of nitrogen during the whole growing stage of double season rice.[Methods]Taking the double season rice field as the research object,a field experiment was carried out in the research base of Jiangxi Provincial Irrigation Experiment Centre Station and this experiment was set up by four planting methods and two irrigation methods.The four panting methods are namely by hand-plant-ing(HT),mechanical transplanting(MT),seedling throwing(ST)and direct seeding(DS),and two irrigation methods are namely by flooding irrigation(FI)and intermittent irrigation(Ⅱ),and to analyze the effects of different methods of planting and irrigation on the water use efficiency during the whole growing stage and as well as on the volatilization of NH3 and the emissions of N2O in the seedling stage and home stage of the double season rice,and to put forward the main periods of the volatilization of NH3 and the emissions of N2O.[Results](1)Compared with traditional flooding irrigation,the rice yield was increased slightly under the intermittent irrigation,and there were appeared significantly different in yield among the different planting methods,and HT was the highest and DS was the lowest.(2)The N2O emission of intermittent irrigation was increased by 7.9％～16.4％than the flooding irrigation under the same planting method,and N2O loss of early rice was showed by DS＞MT＞HT＞ST and late rice was by DS＞HT＞MT＞ST,and the N2O emission of double cropping rice were mainly occurred at tillering stage,jointing-boo-ting stage,and ripening stage,and their N2O loss accounted for more than 70％,however MT and ST were accounted for less than 1.5％in the seedling stage,and HT was 6.4％.(3)The volatility loss of NH3 of flooding irrigation was increased by 3.0％to 30.8％than the intermittent irrigation in the whole growing stage of early rice and late rice under same planting method,DS was significantly increased for NH3 volatility loss(P＜0.05)than the transplanting rice under the same irrigation method,and there was no significant difference among HT,MT,and ST,and the peak of NH3 volatility was appeared within 3 d after fertiliza-tion,and mainly occurred in the seedling,tillering,and pulling and gestation periods,and their NH3 volatility loss accounted for more than 70％,however MT and ST were accounted for less than 2％in the seedling stage,and HT was 4.2％.[Conclusion]The intermittent irrigation method could be increased the yield and N2O emission of double cropping rice under different cropping methods,but it also could be reduced the NH3 volatilization.From the perspective of the early and late rice in the whole growing stages,N2O losses was mainly occurred in the early and late stages,and NH3 volatilization losses mainly occurred in the early to middle of fertility,and the proportion of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission was relative low during the seedling stage,and the DS brought about higher N2O emission and NH3 volatilization with a significant reduction in the yield.关键词
双季稻/种植方式/灌溉方式/N2O排放/NH3挥发/水资源/影响因素Key words
double-cropping rice/planting methods/irrigation methods/N2O emissions/NH3 volatilizes/water resources/influ-ence factor分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘现波,万岚,时红,才硕,王廷金,王海媛,万绍媛,程婕..灌溉和种植方式对双季稻田NH3挥发和N2O排放的影响[J].水利水电技术（中英文）,2023,54(12):35-50,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31960377) （31960377）
江西水利科技项目(KT201430,202123BZKT04,202123BZKT05) （KT201430,202123BZKT04,202123BZKT05）
长江科学院开放研究基金(CKWV2016400/KY) （CKWV2016400/KY）
