石油物探2024，Vol.63Issue(1)：138-148,11.DOI:10.12431/issn.1000-1441.2024.63.01.012
对3种典型检波器及其数据的几点看法
Discussions on three typical seismic sensors and their data
摘要
Abstract
Moving coil geophone and piezoelectric sensor(including piezoelectric pressure hydrophones used in water and piezoelectric ac-celerometers used on land,LP)are the two most widely employed types of sensors in geophysical prospecting.A table consisting of the physical structures,mathematical models,and transfer functions of these two sensor types is established for comparison.Theoretical analysis and field experiment data showed that the velocity measured by moving coil geophone and the acceleration by LP accelerometer are equiva-lent across the major frequency bands in terms of representing ground movement.Regarding hydrophone,it is essential to understand that it is pressure-type detector,not an accelerometer.Based on the fundamentals of seismic wave dynamics and practical application,output of pressure-type hydrophone is proportional to the velocity of water particles for the up-going wave field and a-180° phase difference is exhib-ited for the down-going wave field.This relationship forms the basic principles for dual-sensor summation technology.This technology relies on several assumptions,such as a plane wave field,the sensor being very close to the seafloor but without direct contact(avoiding sensor-ground coupling effects),and without involvement of the sensing system.The author questions these assumptions and argues that more ef-fective attenuation of water column reverberation by this technology requires additional efforts theoretically,experimentally and operational-ly.Meanwhile,the main function of sensor is simply to follow the movement of the ground faithfully,circuit-based enhancement of high fre-quencies in the field may reduce the S/N ratio and resolution and should not be promoted.Finally,the classification of sensors based on dif-ferent standards has been clarified,contributing to a more thorough understanding of the nature of sensors and also its output data.关键词
压电式检波器/动圈式检波器/传输函数/双检合并Key words
piezoelectric sensor/moving coil geophone/transfer function/dual sensor summation分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
魏继东..对3种典型检波器及其数据的几点看法[J].石油物探,2024,63(1):138-148,11.基金项目
中石化石油工程技术服务股份有限公司"多通道节点仪器研发与应用"(SG21-08K)资助.This research is financially supported by the Science and Technology Project of Sinopec Geophyscial Company(Grant No.SG21-08K). （SG21-08K）
