储能科学与技术2024，Vol.13Issue(2)：436-461,26.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0501
高功率化学电源体系发展及军事应用分析
Development and military application analysis of high-power chemical power supply system
摘要
Abstract
In the context of comprehensive electrification,the rapid transformation of various electronic products in time and space domain has imposed demanding working conditions and environmental adaptation requirements on the power supply capacity of equipped batteries.There is an urgent need to develop power systems with short charging times,small volumes,and large current outputs.In this review,the development of high-power chemical power supply systems with high-rate charge and discharge,a topic of widespread concern in recent years,is reviewed.The systems under consideration include lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,pseudocapacitors,ionic capacitors(lithium/sodium/potassium ion,etc.),and lead-carbon batteries.The review is approached from the perspectives of electrode materials,electrolyte regulation,and battery structure.The focus is on analyzing the developmental bottlenecks and current solutions influencing the power performance of these diverse power supply systems.The review covers the current developmental levels,technical capabilities,and key technologies requiring breakthroughs for each technology system.Military applications and equipment effectiveness are also explored in low-temperature starting,power supply,and pulse response.The comprehensive analysis shows the importance of selecting a chemical power supply system with superior performance and compatibility to serve the iterative upgrading and application innovation of equipment in different scenarios.To address challenges,it is emphasized that reducing internal resistance through the construction of electrode materials with high stability and conductivity,implementing electrolyte materials with a wide temperature range and high conductivity,and improving battery structure can considerably improve power performance.This review identifies the issues related to the optimal working range and strategy for high-power batteries,especially under high-current charging and pulse conditions,which is crucial for optimizing battery use according to actual working conditions in the future.The outlook anticipates advancements in the power performance of each chemical power supply system,along with improved cycle life,energy conversion efficiency,safety,and reliability of the batteries.Achieving these goals will require the implementation of the best system management and control methods and application strategies.This holistic approach aims to obtain high-power power supply products that meet market needs and are urgently needed by the military and civilians.关键词
高功率/锂离子电池/钠离子电池/电容器/铅炭电池/军事应用Key words
high rate/lithium-ion battery/sodium-ion battery/capacitor/lead carbon battery/military application分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
李珂,郝奕帆,方振华,王静,张松通,祝夏雨,邱景义,明海..高功率化学电源体系发展及军事应用分析[J].储能科学与技术,2024,13(2):436-461,26.基金项目
国家自然科学青年基金项目(21703285),河北省教育厅留学归国人员科研基金(C20210503),河北省科学技术厅(226Z4404G),河北省教育厅杰出青年学者基金会(BJ2021042). （21703285）
