HUL视角下中国近现代公寓建筑遗产谱系研究OA北大核心CHSSCDCSTPCD

Architectural genealogy study is a paradigm of architectural research that reveals the characteristics and evolutionary process of specific architectural types through multi-sample analysis and spectral relationship sorting.It helps to scientifically identify the characteristics and significance of architectural heritage objects,thus enabling one to accurately classify architectural heritage types and provide targeted guidance for their preservation and displaying their practices. The apartment buildings constructed in Modern China are a special type of architectural heritage because they have witnessed and recorded the national and ethnic development history in different periods of modern China,with typical styles.They play an important role in urban history,cultural values and public aesthetics.They are often listed and conserved as cultural heritage sites or historic buildings. The historical apartment buildings constructed in different cities and periods have extensive and profound genealogical connections.Therefore,it is necessary to observe a systematic logic during value exploration,culture interpretation,and conservation management of them.Research on architectural heritage conservation is limited due to the governance logic of"regional autonomy"and lack of recognition as well as value review of architectural heritages in specific cities and periods.However,there is a lack of systematic research that could integrate regional heritage characteristics and value clues from a macro perspective of national and ethnic development,evolution processes,heritage classification and heritage genealogy construction.As a result,it is difficult to establish accurate category coordinates and scientific value genealogy of conservation objects. This study investigated apartment building heritage preservation from a genealogical perspective.Based on the theory of historical urban landscape,a research method for architectural genealogy in urban areas was established.This method used the correlation analysis between architectural functional types and historical paradigm as the research path,period division,contextual analysis,feature recognition and genealogical construction as steps and three architectural attribute characteristics(locations,ownerships,and appellations)and three elements of morphological characteristics(spatial organization,form contours,and decorative details)as analytical elements.This research method overcomes existing architectural heritage research limitations within the era and city as well as existing architectural genealogy research limitations within regional pedigrees and morphological vocabularies. This study reviewed and identified the historical contexts,multi-element characteristics and values of Chinese apartment buildings constructed from 1840 to 1980 through multi-region and multi-period analysis.An architectural heritage genealogy of modern and contemporary Chinese apartments covers 3 categories(residential apartments,dormitory apartments and hotel apartments),9 subcategories(villa,townhouses,neighborhood housing,building residences,corridor dormitories,folding corridor dormitories,row house dormitories,garden hotels and hostels),18 functional types,5 stages(period of port opening and trade,period of national revolution,period of resistance war,founding stage of the People's Republic of China and period of People's Commune and third line construction)and 22 historical paradigm(concession staff apartments,gentry mansions,commercial rental apartments,workers'housing,Soviet expert building,foreign guesthouse,People's Commune buildings and third-line staff dormitory).The above conclusions could guide the registration and conservation practices of corresponding architectural heritage in various regions.