农业机械学报2024，Vol.55Issue(1)：282-293,12.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.01.027
黑土区坡耕地水土保持耕作措施对土壤理化性状的影响
Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of different soil and water conservation tillage measures on soil physical and chemical properties in sloping farmland,a field experiment was carried out.Setting transverse tillage(TP),ridge field(RF),deep loosening(SF),transverse tillage+ridge field(TP-R),transverse tillage+deep loosening(TP-S),and ridge field+deep loosening(RF-S)three soil and water conservation tillage measures and three combined tillage measures,and conventional down-slope tillage(CK)as a control.The soil porosity,soil mechanical composition,water stability,soil aggregate stability,soil nutrients and other indicators were analyzed,and the TOPSIS model was used to comprehensively evaluate different soil and water conservation farming measures,and the soil stability and water storage and fertilizer conservation were selected.The effective soil and water conservation practices in farming were investigated.The results showed that during the whole growth period of maize,deep loosening tillage,ridge field and transverse tillage could all increase the soil volume moisture content.The TP-S treatment had the highest volumetric moisture content,and the average volumetric moisture content of the 0～40 cm soil layer was increased by 29.47％compared with that of the CK treatment.RF-S treatment had the largest average porosity,followed by TP-S treatment,and the average porosity was increased by 10.68％and 9.25％in turn compared with that of CK treatment.TP-S treatment could significantly improve soil stability,among which the mean mass diameter(MWD),geometric mean diameter(GMD)and macroaggregate content(R0.25)were increased by 12.30％,19.57％and 13.97％respectively compared with that of CK treatment.TP-S treatment could improve soil mechanical composition,the content of coarse sand,powder,and clay particles in TP-S treatment was 15.40％,26.89％and 1.90％higher than that of CK treatment,the content of fine sand was 31.56％lower than that of CK treatment;the content of IN(inorganic nitrogen),AP(available phosphorus)and AK(available potassium)in TP-S treatment was the highest,compared with that of CK treatment,the content of IN,AP and AK was increased by 42.81％～55.32％,39.69％～40.68％and 20.41％～25.45％,respectively.According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the TOPSIS model,the TP-S treatment had the highest degree of fit,more stable soil structure,and better water storage and fertilizer conservation effects,which was a suitable soil and water conservation farming measure in this area.关键词
黑土区/坡耕地/耕作措施/土壤结构/蓄水保肥/TOPSIS模型Key words
black soil region/slope farmland/cultivation measures/soil structure/water storage and fertilizer conservation/TOPSIS model分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张忠学,尹致皓,余佩哲,齐智娟,魏永霞,李骜..黑土区坡耕地水土保持耕作措施对土壤理化性状的影响[J].农业机械学报,2024,55(1):282-293,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500802)和东农学者计划学术骨干项目(21XG18) （2021YFD1500802）
