中国农业大学学报2024，Vol.29Issue(3)：50-62,13.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.03.05
我国油菜品种改良现状及发展趋势
Current situation and development trends of rapeseed variety improvement in China
摘要
Abstract
In order to understand the quality development status and variety improvement trends of the leading rapeseed varieties in China,PubMed,SpringerLink,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched by taking"rapeseed variety improvement""rapeseed breeding"and"rapeseed industry development"as keywords.A total of 70 relevant literature published from 1987 to 2023 were obtained and combined with rapeseed leading variety data released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,the National Bureau of Statistics and the China Seed Industry Big Data Platform.A comprehensive analysis was conducted to explore the leading varieties and industry status of rapeseed in China,as well as the existing risks and shortcomings,as well as future development trends.The results show that:1)The planting area of rapeseed in China is stabilizing,the number of rapeseed varieties is significantly increasing,and the diversity is becoming more abundant;2)The oil content of the leading rapeseed variety has significantly increased,and the yield has continuously achieved breakthroughs;3)There are some risks in the current rapeseed varieties in China,such as the low oil content and yield of specialized varieties,severe homogenization of rapeseed varieties,weak disease resistance,short growth period,and insufficient varieties with stress resistance.In summary,China's rapeseed industry has made significant progress in variety improvement and industrial development,but still needs to pay attention to issues such as variety quality and disease resistance.In the future,efforts can be made to strengthen the collection and utilization of rapeseed germplasm resources,promote the research and development of genetically modified organisms for breeding,and promote the transformation of rapeseed plant type,resistance,and photosynthetic efficiency to achieve a series of breakthroughs in oil production.This will meet diversified needs,explore close planting and yield increasing technologies to improve the mechanization production level of rapeseed,and promote the sustainable development of China's rapeseed industry.关键词
油菜/品种改良/发展趋势/分子育种Key words
rapeseed/variety improvement/development trends/molecular breeding分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
胡志勇,鲜孟筑,李俊..我国油菜品种改良现状及发展趋势[J].中国农业大学学报,2024,29(3):50-62,13.基金项目
中国农业科学院科技创新工程新兴学科培育项目(CAAS-OCRI-XKPY-202101) （CAAS-OCRI-XKPY-202101）
云南省科技人才与平台计划(202105AF150075) （202105AF150075）
