添加剂对番茄茎秆好氧堆肥发酵过程及氮素损失的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to study the ways to reduce nitrogen loss during aerobic composting of tomato stalks and to improve the quality of compost,a 45 d aerobic composting test was conducted by using crushed tomato stalks as raw material.Five percent humic acid(T1),calcium chloride(T2)or calcium superphosphate(T3)were added according to the dry weight of the material,and at the same time,a heap without any additive was used as a control(CK).The results showed that:All three additives reduced the nitrogen loss during composting,as well as the volatilization of ammonia;At the end of composting,the nitrogen loss rates of CK,T1,T2 and T3 treatments at the end of composting were 18.04％,15.00％,12.65％and 14.05％,respectively,with the cumulative ammonia volatilization ofCK(1 648.11 mg/kg)＞T1(1 330.35 mg/kg)＞T3(995.35 mg/kg)＞T2(528.11 mg/kg).Among them,the treatment with added calcium chloride had the best nitrogen retention effect with a low nitrogen loss rate of 12.65％and showed a 67.96％reduction in ammonia volatilization compared with the control;The high temperature period of all the treatments was ≥3 d,and the germination index was greater than or equal to 80％,which indicated that the heap had been rotted and was not phytotoxic.In conclusion,the addition of calcium chloride to the aerobic composting of tomato stalks is ideal for reducing nitrogen loss in the composting process.This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of nitrogen conservation process of tomato stalk aerobic composting.