果树学报2024，Vol.41Issue(2)：362-368,7.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20230260
酸枣新品种晋酸1号的选育
Breeding report of a new wild jujube cultivar Jinsuan No.1(Ziziphus juju-ba var.spinosa)
摘要
Abstract
Jinsuan No.1 is an excellent cultival selected from high-quality wild jujube germplasm re-sources in Linxian county,Shanxi province.In 2006,the first investigation and screening of wild jujube cultivars were carried out in Linxian county,the dominant producing area of wild jujube.In 2007,37 kinds of wild jujube cultivars with good performance were obtained from the selected wild jujube culti-var.In 2010,through the comparative investigation on grafting experiments,it was found that among the selected wild jujubes,No.3,No.8,No.9,No.21 and No.35 showed better comprehensive traits.Sub-sequently,a three-year comparative trial was carried out,and finally the No.3 wild jujube with the most excellent comprehensive traits was selected.In 2017,a large-scale grafting cultivation experiments were carried out in Linjiaping and Qikou of Linxian county,Yonghe county of Linfen and Taigu county of Jinzhong.Field identification was performed in September 2022 and the cultivar was received ap-proval from the Forest Variety Approval Committee of Shanxi Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bu-reau in December,named Jinsuan No.1(Benefit number:Jin S-SV-ZJ-017-2022).Jinsuan No.1 wild jujube tree shape is open and the tree vigor is moderate.Leaves are ovate-lanceolate,2.5-6.8 cm long and 2.0-3.5 cm wide with leaf base slanting 1.1-2.9 mm;the petiole is 3-6 mm long;jujube hanging is 13-25 cm long.Jinsuan No.1 wild jujube fruit is nearly round,the top of the fruit is flat,the pericarp is thin and red,and the fruit is large.The average single fruit weight is 4.75 g,the maximum single fruit weight is 5.8 g,the average transverse diameter is 1.9 cm,and the average longitudinal diameter is 2.2 cm;the flesh is thick,juicy,dense and crisp,sweet and sour,and the edible rate is 84.7％without residue.The soluble solids content is 27.6％,reducing sugar(glucose)content is 8.5％,total sugar content is 27.04％,VC content is 419 mg·100 g-1,and titratable acid is 1.032％.The kernel is full,with a kernel rate of 100％,and the average single kernel weight is 0.1 g.The vegetative growth period is 170-180 days,and the fruit growth period is about 115 days.Jinsuan No.1 wild jujube belongs to late-maturing cultivar,20 days later than other common jujube cultivars in Linxian county.With Jinsuan No.1 wild ju-jube,the bud break is seen around April 20,the early flowering period is in late May,the full flowering period is in early June,the fruit enters the crisp ripening period in mid-to-late September,the fruit matu-rity is in mid-to-early October,and the defoliation period is in late October in the mountains along the Yellow River in Linxian county,Lüliang City.The fruit cracking rate of Jinsan No.1 is lower than 1.0％.Jinsuan No.1 jujube cultivar is suitable for both fresh consumption and drying,and can also be used to process special drink and snacks.Jinsuan No.1 is suitable for cultivation in the suitable grow-ing areas of jujube in the south-central Shanxi province and somewhere with similar climates in China.关键词
酸枣/新品种/晋酸1号/酸枣仁Key words
Wild jujube/New cultivar/Jinsuan No.1/Common jujube seed分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨海波,李继萍,王占勤,赵龙龙,赵旗峰,孟利峰,周鹏程,陈永珍,李庆亮,梁燕,聂磊云,张晓萍..酸枣新品种晋酸1号的选育[J].果树学报,2024,41(2):362-368,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31301674) （31301674）
山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2023CYJSTX07-18) （2023CYJSTX07-18）
山西临猗县农业农村局冬枣主要病虫害生态调控技术研究与示范(2022LYTSSG) （2022LYTSSG）
