古脊椎动物学报（中英文）2024，Vol.62Issue(1)：47-68,22.DOI:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.230616
辽宁大连骆驼山早更新世巨副驼头骨化石
A skull of Early Pleistocene Paracamelus gigas(Artiodactyla,Mammalia)from Luotuo Hill in Dalian,Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
Originated in North America in the Middle Eocene,camelids were a successful group with very large diversity.But the camels emigrated to the Old World from North America,probably during the middle stage of the Middle Miocene,and did not radiate much as those in North America,represented by only two genera Paracamelus and Camelus.The former was considered as giving rise to the latter,but the detailed relationship of the Old World camelines was controversial.The new camel material unearthed from Layer 4 in the Jinyuan Cave at Luotuo Hill in Dalian,Liaodong peninsula in Northeast China,was described and referred to as Paracamelus gigas.Its dentition length is slightly longer than that of Camelus knoblochi but evidently larger than that of C.ferus and C.dromedarius.Based on the fossil records and morphometric evidences,P.gigas originated from a form similar to P.alexejevi in the Late Pliocene in the Old World,instead of from Megatylopus gigas of North America and then migrated into Asia as previously thought.The morphometric similarities between the Early Pleistocene Dalian specimens and those of the Middle and Late Pleistocene C.knoblochi indicate that P.gigas probably gave rise to C.knoblochi as formerly postulated and likely in the late Early Pleistocene by reduction or simplifying of P3 and P4,disappearance of p3 and shortening of dentition length.P.gigas inhabited in the forest steppe environment of Liaodong peninsula from 1.1 to 1.52 Ma based on paleomagnetic dating and pollen evidence.关键词
大连/早更新世/洞穴堆积/骆驼/巨副驼/演化Key words
Dalian/Early Pleistocene/cave deposits/camel/Paracamelus/evolution分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
董为,刘文晖,白炜鹏,刘思昭,王元,刘金远,金昌柱..辽宁大连骆驼山早更新世巨副驼头骨化石[J].古脊椎动物学报（中英文）,2024,62(1):47-68,22.基金项目
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(编号:XDB26030304)、大连金普新区管理委员会"大连普湾骆驼山第四纪脊椎动物化石综合研究"项目和中国科学院古生物化石发掘与修理专项资助.The authors would like to thank Dalian Municipal Bureau for Science and Technology and Administrative Committee of Dalian Jinpu New Area for supporting the field work.They would also like to express their gratitude to Guo Yanfang for preparing the specimens.They would like to acknowledge the reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript.The skull DLJ168001 was photographed by Gao Wei,the palatal view of the skull of Paracamelus gigas housed in Uppsala Museum of Evolution was photographed by Dr.Xiong Wuyang with the permission of Uppsala Museum of Evolution. （B类）
