华北农学报2024，Vol.39Issue(1)：135-142,8.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.20194537
有机肥替代氮肥对冬小麦氮素吸收利用的影响
Effect of Partial Replacement of Nitrogen Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Winter Wheat
摘要
Abstract
Partial substitution of organic fertilizer nitrogen for chemical fertilizer nitrogen is one of the ways to achieve sustainable crop development.This study explored the appropriate ratio of wheat organic nitrogen partial substitution for chemical nitrogen,as well as the characteristics of nitrogen accumulation,transportation,and utiliza-tion after substitution,in order to provide a basis for nitrogen fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement tech-nology for winter wheat in Hebei Region.Field experiments of the following nine treatments were conducted in Ningjin,Hebei from 2021 to 2023:T1,non-nitrogen,and application of chemical P and K fertilizer alone;T2,high efficiency fertilization treatment,and application of chemical N,P and K fertilizer alone;T3—T7,substitution of 20％,40％,60％,80％and 100％the chemical N rate of T2 with organic fertilizer,respectively;T8,traditional fer-tilization,and application of chemical N,P and K fertilizer alone;T9,substitution of 100％chemical N rate of T2 with organic fertilizer,and spraying liquid nitrogen fertilizer at the erecting stage.The results of two years of experi-ments showed that the 100％substitution rate+liquid nitrogen treatment could achieve the highest wheat yield.Sec-ondly,the yield of the 40％substitution rate treatment was equivalent to that of the high efficiency fertilization treat-ment,and it was much higher than that of the traditional fertilization treatment in the second year of the experiment.The 100％substitution rate+liquid nitrogen treatment increased the nitrogen content in stems and leaves by spra-ying available nitrogen during the erecting period,and the nitrogen accumulation in plants was equivalent to that of high efficiency fertilization and traditional fertilization treatments.Treatment with 40％and 80％substitution rates also achieved nitrogen accumulation equivalent to the highly efficient fertilization treatment.The 20％-100％sub-stitution rate treatment(including liquid nitrogen treatment)could achieve a higher nitrogen transfer rate in stems and leaves,as well as the contribution rate of nitrogen transfer to grain.Among them,the 100％substitution rate+liquid nitrogen treatment had good fertilizer nitrogen absorption and utilization effect,achieving higher fertilizer ni-trogen accumulation,nitrogen utilization rate,and nitrogen harvest index.Nitrogen fertilizer effect of the 100％sub-stitution rate+liquid nitrogen treatment was equivalent to or slightly higher than that of highly efficient fertilization treatment.Secondly,the treatment with the 40％substitution rate had a similar or slightly lower nitrogen fertilizer effect than the highly efficient fertilization treatment.In summary,the 100％substitution rate+liquid nitrogen treat-ment showed better wheat yield,plant nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen transport rate,grain nitrogen accumulation,and nitrogen efficiency,followed by the 40％substitution rate treatment.关键词
小麦/有机肥/氮素积累/氮素运转Key words
Wheat/Organic fertilizer/Nitrogen accumulation/Nitrogen transport分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
崔永增,韩江伟,姚海坡,姚艳荣,吕丽华,贾秀领..有机肥替代氮肥对冬小麦氮素吸收利用的影响[J].华北农学报,2024,39(1):135-142,8.基金项目
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-LYS-9) （2022KJCXZX-LYS-9）
河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所青年创新基金(2022LYS04) （2022LYS04）
河北省重点实验室开放课题(2021LYS08) （2021LYS08）
