考虑随机需求的高铁快递运输计划优化方法OA北大核心CSTPCD
Optimization method for the high-speed railway express delivery considering stochastic demand
为了充分利用高速铁路非高峰期的列车运输能力,提升高速铁路运营的经济效益,研究载客动车组客货共运模式下的高铁快递运输计划优化问题.首先,考虑高铁快递运输需求的时效性与随机性,以最大化高铁快递运营企业期望总利润为优化目标,同时满足列车运输能力、车站装卸效率、标准箱到发量守恒等约束,构建高速铁路快递运输计划优化的2阶段随机规划模型.在第1阶段,以最大化高铁快运期望总利润为目标,确定各列车的运输能力分配计划;在第2阶段,根据第1阶段获得的列车运输能力分配计划,确定随机需求场景下的高铁快递实际装运方案,使该场景下的运营收益达到最大.其次,基于蒙特卡洛模拟随机生成需求场景,采用反向消减算法(BRA)将2阶段随机规划模型转化为包含有限场景数的确定性整数线性规划模型,从而调用商业求解器GUROBI进行求解.最后,以宁杭高速铁路为背景进行算例分析,验证模型和算法的有效性.结果表明,相较于基于确定性需求得到的运输计划,利用随机规划方法得到的方案更能适应需求的随机性,从而达到更好的盈利效果,同时可以兼顾服务水平与企业收益,适用于实际运营中高铁快递运输计划的设计与优化.
The optimization method for the high-speed railway express delivery scheme based on the mode of mixed passenger and express transportation using passenger trains was investigated to make full use of the train capacity on the high-speed railway during off-peak hours and improve the economic benefits of high-speed railway operation.First,a two-stage stochastic programming model was constructed for the high-speed railway express delivery scheme,considering the timeliness and randomness of the demand.The aim was to maximize the expected profits of the high-speed railway express enterprise and consider the constraints of the loading capacity of trains,the timeliness of expresses,the loading and unloading efficiency of the station,and the conservation of standard boxes at the station.In the first stage,train capacity allocation was determined to maximize the expected profit of the high-speed rail express,and the actual loading plans of expresses in any stochastic scenario were determined in the second stage based on the train capacity allocation given in the first stage so as to maximize the revenue under a certain scenario.Then it was transformed into a deterministic integer linear programming model including finite scenarios by the backward reduction algorithm(BRA)based on the demand scenarios randomly generated by the Monte Carlo simulation,which could be solved by commercial solvers such as GUROBI.Finally,numerical studies were conducted on the Nanjing-Hangzhou HSR network to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.The results show that the profit performance of the scheme obtained by the stochastic programming method is better than the scheme obtained by the deterministic method based on average demand,which is more adaptable to stochastic demand.At the same time,the express delivery scheme obtained by this method considers service level and enterprise revenue and is applicable to the design and optimization of the high-speed rail express delivery scheme in actual operation.
徐光明;郭婧;周培澜;秦进;钟林环
中南大学 交通运输工程学院,湖南 长沙 410075
交通运输
高铁快递能力分配送到时限随机需求
high-speed railway express deliverycapacity allocationdelivery time windowsstochastic demand
《铁道科学与工程学报》 2024 (002)
444-455 / 12
国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1600400);国家自然科学基金资助项目(72171236,U2034208);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30767);京沪高速铁路股份有限公司"揭榜挂帅"项目(京沪科研-2022-1)
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