氮、磷、钾对广西高寒山区水稻产量及肥料利用效率的影响OA

In order to determine the appropriate amount of fertilization of rice in alpine moun-tain areas of Guangxi,the paper studied the effects of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilization on rice yield,nutrient accumulation,and utilization efficiency of fertilizer.These field experiments were conducted in Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County,Guangxi in 2022.Treatments of nitrogen-deficient areas,phosphorus-deficient areas,potassium-deficient areas and full fertilizer areas were set up to determine the rice yield,biomass,as well as N,P and K contents of rice and plants at rice ripening stage.The results showed that the highest yield(7108 kg/hm2)was obtained in the full-fertilizer area treatment,the lowest yield(5050 kg/hm2)was obtained in the nitrogen-deficient area treatment,and the differences in rice yield among treatments reached the significant level,except for the one between the phosphorus-deficient area treatment(6164 kg/hm2)and the potassium-deficient area treatment(5858 kg/hm2)which was not significant compared with that of the other treatments.The application of N,P and K fertilizers significantly increased the total nutri-ent accumulation and the absorption of N and P2O5 per 100 kg seeds,while the grain production effi-ciency of N and P and the harvest index of K decreased significantly.The recovery efficiency of rice on P fertilizer was the lowest,only 27.8%,but the physiological utilization efficiency of P fertilizer was the highest.There was no significant difference in the agronomic utilization efficiency among N,P and K fertilizers.It is concluded that the appropriate allocation of N,P and K fertilizers in the rice area of Guangxi alpine mountain areas can significantly improve rice yield,nutrient accumula-tion,and fertilizer utilization efficiency,so as to maintain the balance of high rice yield and environ-mental protection.