水土保持研究2024，Vol.31Issue(2)：181-189,9.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.02.003
1961-2020年中国降水等级的变化特征
Changes in Precipitation Grades in China from 1961-2020
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and seasonal change patterns of precipitation of various grades across China,enhance the knowledge of the occurrence patterns of different grades of precipitation in China,and then provide scientific and technological support for enhancing the national disaster prevention and mitigation capacity.[Methods]Based on the daily surface precipitation data from 681 meteorological stations in China during 1961-2020,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and seasonal variation of the days and intensity of precipitation of different grades(light rain,moderate rain,large rain and heavy rain)across China were analyzes.[Results](1)From 1961 to 2020,the number of light rain days showed a decreasing trend,while the number of moderate rain,large rain and heavy rain days showed an increasing trend,and no significant changes in the intensity of light,moderate and large rain except for great changes in the intensity of heavy rain were found.The number of light rain days decreased the most in autumn,large and heavy rain days increased the fastest in summer,and the slowest in autumn.The intensity of heavy rain fluctuated greatly in each season.(2)There was some variability in the spatial distribution of different precipitation levels,the high number of light rain days mainly distributed in the southwest river basins,the number of days with moderate rain and above and the intensity of precipitation at each level gradually decreased from southeast to northwest,and the number of days and intensity of precipitation in the Inland River basins were the smallest.(3)Precipitation in spring,autumn and winter mainly concentrated in the southeastern River Basins and the Pearl River Basin,where light rainfall predominated,and in summer precipitation mainly concentrated in the southwestern Rivers Basin,the southeastern Rivers Basin and the Pearl River Basin.The areas with higher intensity of precipitation at all levels in spring were mainly located in the southeastern Rivers Basin,the Yangtze River Basin and the Pearl River Basin,and the areas with higher intensity of precipitation in winter were mainly located in the southeastern Rivers Basin and the Huaihe River Basin.(4)The decrease in the number of light rain days was more obvious in spring and winter,and the southeastern River Basins and the Pearl River Basin contributed greatly to the decrease in the number of light rain days.The number of precipitation days above the moderate rain level was generally on an upward trend in all seasons.The intensity of large rain strengthens in spring and weakened in autumn,and the intensity of heavy rain in all basins was on an increasing trend in spring.[Conclusion]There are obvious differences in the spatial and temporal distribution and seasonal scales of precipitation levels across China,and the contribution of the nine major river basins to the different levels of precipitation across the China varies,so future research on the influence of the major circulation systems and the water cycle in each river basin on the different levels of precipitation should be strengthened.关键词
九大流域/降水日数/降水强度/季节变化Key words
nine major river basins/precipitation days/precipitation intensity/seasonal variation分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
许肖璐,张方敏,邓汗青,何彬方,田红,方砚秋..1961-2020年中国降水等级的变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(2):181-189,9.基金项目
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BK20220017) （BK20220017）
中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J067) （CXFZ2022J067）
安徽省重点研究与开发计划(206038346013) （206038346013）
江苏省研究生实践创新计划(SJCX22_0374) （SJCX22_0374）
