中国组织工程研究2024，Vol.28Issue(31)：5070-5077,8.DOI:10.12307/2024.714
非编码RNA和外泌体在妊娠期糖尿病发生机制中的作用及早期诊断价值
Role of non-coding RNA and exosomes in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and their early diagnostic value
摘要
Abstract
BACKGROUND:In recent years,there have been many studies on the mechanism of exosomal non-coding RNA in gestational diabetes mellitus,but there is a lack of the latest systematic review of exosomes from different sources,especially placental sources. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the changes and potential roles of microRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),circular RNA(circRNA),and exosomes in gestational diabetes mellitus to provide potential targets for early screening and treatment of clinical gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS:A literature search was conducted on PubMed,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Data,and VIP databases to retrieve relevant articles on non-coding RNA or exosomal non-coding RNA in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus.A total of 74 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Non-coding RNAs play important pathological and physiological roles in the lifecycle activities,and increasing evidences suggest that non-coding RNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by regulating various physiological functions.This provides a new direction for the research of gestational diabetes mellitus.(2)Exosomes are widely present in the human body.Various cells can secrete exosomes,such as red blood cells,epithelial cells,and placental cells.Non-coding RNAs found in exosomes from different sources have been demonstrated to play a role in the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.(3)MiRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:The role of peripheral blood miRNA in gestational diabetes mellitus is mainly to affect the functions of trophoblast cells,pancreatic beta cells and blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes mellitus;placental miRNA can reflect the severity of gestational diabetes and impair the function of trophoblast cells.(4)LncRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood lncRNA can induce insulin resistance through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and may provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus;placental lncRNA can regulate proliferation and migration of placental trophoblast cells,promoting the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus.(5)CircRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood and placental circRNA can induce the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by impairing the proliferation,migration and metabolism of placental trophoblast cells.(6)Non-coding RNA in exosomes and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood non-coding RNA in exosomes can affect gestational diabetes mellitus blood glucose levels and glucose homeostasis,and participate in the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by influencing placental function.(7)Non-coding RNA has the potential to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.Additionally,engineered exosomes can better achieve targeted therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus.These latest findings provide a reference for both basic research and clinical translation of gestational diabetes mellitus.(8)In the future,improvements in the extraction and purification methods of peripheral blood exosomes should be improved,and factors such as race,diet and physical activity should be excluded to improve the reproducibility of results.Further prospective clinical studies are required to explore the clinical application of circulating non-coding RNA and exosomes in the prediction and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.关键词
妊娠期糖尿病/外泌体/微小RNA/长非编码RNA/环状RNA/胎盘/外周血/胰腺β细胞/滋养层细胞Key words
gestational diabetes mellitus/exosome/microRNA/long non-coding RNA/circular RNA/placenta/peripheral blood/pancreatic β cell/trophoblast cell分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
胡玲莉,李娜,李京阳,张二云,陈钰,顾颖..非编码RNA和外泌体在妊娠期糖尿病发生机制中的作用及早期诊断价值[J].中国组织工程研究,2024,28(31):5070-5077,8.基金项目
2021年度江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F202107),项目负责人:顾颖 （F202107）
无锡市卫生健康委科研项目(M202217),项目负责人:顾颖 （M202217）
无锡市卫生健康委青年项目(Q202104),项目负责人:李娜2021 Maternal and Child Health Research Project of Jiangsu Province,No.F202107(to GY) （Q202104）
Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission,No.M202217(to GY) （to GY）
Youth Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission,No.Q202104(to LN) （to LN）
