无心脑血管疾病危险因素成年受检者颈动脉管腔结构变化的相关因素分析OA北大核心CSTPCD

Objective To analyze the changes of carotid artery structures and their influencing factors among the adults without cardio and cerebrovascular disease risk factors.Methods All 2 738 adult subjects(787 males and 1 951 females)without cardio and cerebrovascular disease risk factors were continuously included in the national multi-center Standardized Brain-Carotid Ultrasound Evaluation Database from December 2019 to December 2021.Males and females were divided into 5 groups of 18-29 years old,30-39 years old,40-49 years old,50-59 years old,and≥60 years old respectively,and the intima-media thickness(IMT),the diameter of common carotid artery(DCCA),carotid artery bulb(DBULB),internal carotid artery(DICA),and the ratio of diameters of different segments carotid artery index(CI;CIBULB/CCA[DBULB/DCCA],CIBULB/ICA[DBULB/DICA]and CIICA/CCA[DICA/DCCA])were counted and compared for each group.The Spearman correlation coefficient and univariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze the changes of each parameter with age.The univariate linear regression analysis was used to compare the difference of CI between female and male,and left side and right side.The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between CI and carotid artery IMT.The multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of CIBULB/CCA,CIBULB/ICA and CIICA/CCA.Results(1)IMT,DCCA,DBULB,DICA,CIBULB/CCA and CIBULB/ICA were significantly positively correlated with age(r-values for males were 0.121,0.229,0.260,0.055,0.107,0.229,respectively,for females were 0.364,0.185,0.199,0.073,0.077,0.129,respectively,all P＜0.01),and CIICA/CCA was negatively correlated with age(males:r =-0.118,females:r =-0.049,all P＜0.05).For every 1 year increase of age,the IMT,DCCA,DBULB and DICA in males increased by 0.003 mm,0.015 mm,0.025 mm,0.004 mm respectively,and 0.005 mm,0.011 mm,0.018 mm,0.005 mm in females respectively.(2)The CIBULB/ICA in males were lower than female(1.47±0.21 vs.1.51±0.22;t =-5.566,P＜0.01)and CIICA/CCA were higher than female(0.78±0.11 vs.0.76±0.11;t =6.629,P＜0.01);the CIBULB/CCA(1.14±0.15 vs.1.13±0.15;t =-2.973,P＜0.05)and CIICA/CCA(0.77±0.11 vs.0.76±0.11;t =-3.946,P＜0.01)on left were higher than that on the right.However,there was no significant difference in CIBULB/CCA between the two sexes and CIBULB/ICA between left and right(males vs.females:1.13±0.15 vs.1.13±0.15,t =1.212,P =0.226;left vs.right:1.49±0.22 vs.1.50±0.21,t =1.112,P =0.266).CIBULB/CCA and CIBULB/ICA were positively correlated with IMT(r =0.039 and 0.070,respectively,both P＜0.05),and CIICA/CCA was negatively correlated with IMT(r =-0.032,P＜0.05).(3)The results of multiple regression analysis shows that age(β =0.081,P＜0.01)and left(β =0.040,P＜0.05)positively predicted CIBULB/CCA,while IMT could not predict CIBULB/CCA(β =0.012,P＞0.05).Age(β =0.148,P＜0.01),female(β =0.070,P＜0.01)and IMT(β =0.030,P＜0.05)were independent factors of the CIBULB/ICA increase.Age(β=-0.063,P＜0.01)and female(β =-0.088,P＜0.01)predicted CIICA/CCA negatively,and the left predicted CIICA/CCA positively(β =0.053,P＜0.01),but IMT had no significant effect on CIICA/CCA(β=-0.022,P＞0.05).Conclusions The structural parameters of carotid artery in adults without risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were correlated with age.And age,gender,lateral and IMT were independent predictors of carotid artery index.