低蛋白日粮中不同比例氨基酸对藏羊背腰最长肌肉品质、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成以及维生素和矿物质含量的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD
Effect of different ratios of amino acids in low-protein diets on muscle quality,amino acid and fatty acid composition,and vitamin and mineral contents of the longissimus dorsi muscle in Tibetan sheep
本试验旨在研究低蛋白日粮中不同比例氨基酸对藏羊背腰最长肌肉品质、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成以及维生素和矿物质含量的影响.选取90只体重相近[(15.60±0.10)kg],健康的高原型藏羊公羔,随机分为3组,每组30只,每组5个重复,每个重复6只羊.日粮精料中蛋白水平为12%,3组分别为LP-L组(赖氨酸与蛋氨酸为1∶1);LP-M组(赖氨酸与蛋氨酸为2∶1);LP-H组(赖氨酸与蛋氨酸为3∶1).试验期共97 d,其中7 d预饲期,90 d正试期.结果表明:1)解冻损失指标LP-L组显著低于LP-H组(P<0.05),蒸煮损失和剪切力指标LP-L组显著低于LP-M和LP-H组(P<0.05);2)添加不同氨基酸比例对各组肌肉中氨基酸的组成没有显著影响(P>0.05);3)在不饱和脂肪酸中,反式亚油酸、二十二碳三烯酸和十五碳烯酸含量LP-L组显著高于LP-M组(P<0.05);十七碳烯酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸LP-L组显著高于LP-M和LP-H组(P<0.05);4)α-维生素E、γ-维生素E和维生素E指标LP-L组显著高于LP-M组(P<0.05),矿物质元素钙LP-L组显著高于LP-M组(P<0.05).综上所述,当日粮中赖氨酸与蛋氨酸比例为1∶1时能提高不饱和脂肪酸含量以及肉质中维生素和矿物质元素含量;且对氨基酸组成没有不良影响,并能有效改善肉品质.
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different ratios of the amino acids lysine and methionine in low-protein diets on the muscle quality,amino acid and fatty acid composition,and vitamin and mineral contents of the longissimus dorsi muscle of Tibetan sheep.Ninety healthy male lambs of Tibetan sheep(plateau type)with similar body weight[(15.60±0.10)kg]were selected and randomly divided into three groups of 30.Each group had five replicates of six lambs.The protein level in the dietary concentrate was 12%,and the three groups were as follows:LP-L group(1∶1 lysine to methionine);LP-M group(2∶1 lysine to methionine);and LP-H group(3∶1 lysine to methionine).The total experimental period was 97 days,including a 7-day pre-feeding period and a 90-day feeding period.Analyses of the longissimus dorsi muscle showed that:1)The thawing loss index was significantly lower in the LP-L group than in the LP-H group(P<0.05),and the cooking loss index and shear force index were significantly lower in the LP-L group than in the LP-M and LP-H groups(P<0.05);2)The different amino acid ratios did not significantly affect the amino acid composition in the longissimus dorsi muscle of each group(P>0.05);3)Among the unsaturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi muscle,trans-linoleic acid,docosahexatrienoic acid,and pentadecadienoic acid were present at significantly higher levels in the LP-L group than in the LP-M group(P<0.05);and heptadecadienoic acid,linoleic acid,and α-linoleic acid were present at significantly higher levels in the LP-L group than in the LP-M group and the LP-H group(P<0.05);4)The α-vitamin E content,γ-vitamin E content,and vitamin E index of the longissimus dorsi muscle were significantly higher in the LP-L group than in the LP-M group(P<0.05),while the calcium content was significantly higher in the LP-L group than in the LP-M group(P<0.05).In conclusion,a diet with a 1∶1 ratio of lysine to methionine can increase the contents of unsaturated fatty acids,vitamins,and minerals in the muscle,thereby improving meat quality,and the ratio of lysine to methionine in the diet does not adversely affect the amino acid composition of the meat.
张峰硕;季秋蓉;何婷莉;苏曲杨昂毛;王志有;侯生珍;桂林生
青海大学农牧学院,青海 西宁 810016
高原型藏羊低蛋白营养调控肉品质氨基酸脂肪酸维生素矿物质
plateau-type Tibetan sheeplow proteinnutritional regulationmeat qualityamino acidsfatty acidsvitaminsminerals
《草业学报》 2024 (003)
198-208 / 11
青海省科技厅帅才科学家项目(2022NK169)资助.
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