南方农业学报2023，Vol.54Issue(11)：3186-3197,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.11.006
不同株型水稻的农艺性状表现及其主效基因多态性
Performance of agronomic traits and polymorphism of major genes of rice with different plant architectures
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The purpose of the study was to analyze the performance of agronomic traits and major genes polymorphism of rice with different plant architectures,to reveal their yield traits and genetic basis,and to provide theo-retical reference for ideal plant architecture breeding.[Method]The ideal plant architecture strain Shaoniejing was used as the control,and the natural recombinant new germplasm RIL60 and RIL61 came from Beibeinuo,Jingnuo 1 and a recom-binant inbred line were used as materials to study the agronomic trait performances and genetic differences of rice with dif-ferent plant architectures,and to compare the plant architecture characteristics at different developmental stages(10 17,24 and 31 DAF).At the same time,the ideal plant architecture genes IPA1,Gn1a and DEP1 and the waxy gene Wx geno-types were identified for the five germplasms.[Result]Shaoniejing was ipa1 and gn1a-m1 mutant,and its leaf traits were greatly different from other germplasms,with the characteristics of longer lanceolate leaves,shorter inverted trilobate leaves and narrower leaves.The stem,leaf and panicle dry matter of Shaoniejing were less than those of other germplasms throughout four developmental stages.However,the increase of panicle dry matter at different developmental stages was greater than that of other germplasms,indicating that this germplasm had stronger utilization rate of light energy and dry matter accumulation rate within the same period of time,and it had a significant advantage in 1000-grain weight com-pared to the other four germplasms.The functional leaf angle of RIL60 was greatly different from other germplasms,and its tower-type characteristic was more conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products,thus it was closer to the ideal plant architecture.Its panicle weight was lower than that of RIL61,but it showed a significant increase in the num-ber of effective panicles per plant compared to RIL61(P<0.05,the same below),resulting in no significant difference in yield per plant between RIL60 and RIL61(P>0.05).The functional leaf area of RIL61 exhibited an advantage compared to the other four germplasms across four developmental stages.The dep1 mutant,Beibeinuo,had a more compact plant architecture and erect panicles.It had lower panicle dry matter accumulation in the early stages,but exceeded other germ-plasms at 31 DAF period,featuring more primary and secondary branches and dense panicle spacing and belonging to heavy panicle type germplasm,indicating its strong photosynthetic product conversion ability.Jingnuo 1 showed no ad-vantage in the traits of panicle weight and grain density,but its yield per plant was the highest because of the highest num-ber of effective panicles.The weight of panicle indexes affecting ideal rice plant architecture yield was number of effective panicle number per plant>panicle weight>1000-grain weight.[Conclusion]RIL60 and Shaoniejing are basically consistent with the ideal plant architecture characteristics such as few ineffective tillers,large number of grains per panicle,excel-lent light reception posture,and thick and sturdy stems,which can be used as the ideal plant architecture breeding germ-plasm.Jingnuo 1 has better plant architecture,more effective tillers per plant and higher yield per plant,which can also be used as the parent of ideal plant architecture breeding.In future ideal plant architecture breeding,priority should be given to panicle weight and effective panicle number per plant,selecting germplasms with larger panicles and more effec-tive tillers,while moderately lowering the requirement on 1000-grain weight.Additionally,trying to choose germplasms containing beneficial alleles like IPA1 and DEP1 can be expected to breed high-yielding rice varieties with ideal plant ar-chitecture.关键词
水稻(Oryza sativa L.)/理想株型/农艺性状/IPA1/GN1A/DEP1/waxy(wx)Key words
rice(Oryza sativa L.)/ideal plant architecture/agronomic trait/IPA1/GN1A/DEP1/waxy(wx)分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
苟兆霞,梁程,傅娅菲,徐浩扬,韩伊曼,彭友林,向珣朝..不同株型水稻的农艺性状表现及其主效基因多态性[J].南方农业学报,2023,54(11):3186-3197,12.基金项目
四川省科技厅重点研发计划(重大科技专项)(2019YFN0019) （重大科技专项）
西南科技大学大学生创新基金项目精准资助专项(JZ22-067) Key Research and Development Project(Major Science and Technology Special Project)of Sich-uan Science and Technology Department(2019YFN0019) （JZ22-067）
Student Innovation Fund Project for Precise Specialty by Southwest University of Science and Technology(JZ22-067) （JZ22-067）
