人民珠江2024，Vol.45Issue(3)：48-58,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2024.03.006
中国降水特征及拟合参数时空分布研究
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Precipitation Characteristics and Fitting Parameters in China
摘要
Abstract
In order to summarize the precipitation characteristics in China and explore the distribution of precipitation duration,this paper selects 56 years of continuous daily precipitation data from 698 meteorological stations in China and analyzes the spatial distribution and inter-annual variations of precipitation characteristics in terms of seasonal distribution,extreme characteristics,and precipitation duration.The paper also uses the Gamma distribution to fit the precipitation duration curves and estimate the parameters and analyzes the potential factors that affect the fitting parameters.The results show that①the precipitation generally shows an increase in the southeast part and a decrease in the central part of China,with an increase and a wider distribution of winter precipitation in the east,northwest,and northeast parts.From the southeast to the northwest of China,the trend of precipitation percentile change shows an increase,then a decrease,and then an increase again,and the distribution of the 99-percentile precipitation thresholds is more uneven.The trend of the precipitation percentile at the Linhe station shows the greatest decrease,especially the wet-day precipitation percentile.The wet period is in a decreasing trend in the southwest and central parts and in an increasing trend in the coastal and northwestern parts.The distribution characteristics of drought and flooding durations in the basin show the opposite state in most regions,and the inter-annual variation of the wet period is smaller than that of the dry period.② The Gamma distribution has a better fitting effect on precipitation.The scale parameter βhas a higher correlation with precipitation amount and precipitation percentile and better performance on extreme precipitation thresholds for heavy precipitation events.These findings can provide theoretical support for the subsequent research on precipitation processes based on physical influencing factors.关键词
伽马分布/降水历时曲线(PDC)/降水的空间分布及年际变化/估计参数/物理控制Key words
Gamma distribution/precipitation duration curve/spatial distribution and inter-annual variation of precipitation/estimation parameters/physical control分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
周雨,张育嘉,苗昌盛..中国降水特征及拟合参数时空分布研究[J].人民珠江,2024,45(3):48-58,11.基金项目
上海临港滨海海洋生态保护修复项目(二标)(2201PD0001) （二标）
