南方农业学报2023，Vol.54Issue(12)：3561-3570,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.12.010
黄淮麦区南片小麦抗茎倒种质筛选及相关特性分析
Screening of stem lodging resistance wheat germplasms and related characteristics in southern wheat of Huanghuai wheat region
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To provide breeding material for stem lodging resistance breeding of wheat in southern of Huanghuai wheat region,the stem bending resistance and comprehensive agronomic characteristics of wheat germplasm materials were analyzed.To clarify which traits can be used as subtraits in the study of stem lodging resistance genes,the main morphological characteristics of the different stem bending resistance materials were compared.[Method]The excel-lent germplasm resources of major wheat breeding institutions in the south of Huanghuai wheat zone were collected.A to-tal of 406 wheat germplasm resources were selected as experimental materials according to the two criteria,one is the plant height was 0.60～0.90 m,and the another one is the difference of anthesis and maturation time was not more than 2 d compared with Zhengmai 1860,which widely planted in this wheat zone.The stem bending resistance of the wheat germ-plasm materials was measured by the plant lodging tester,and the lodging situation was investigated at anthesis and 30 days after anthesis.The main agronomic traits such as plant height,spike length and yield components were investigated at filling stage to mature stage.The related morphological characteristics of the materials with strong stem and fragile stem were measured by making cross section of the stem.[Result]The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in stem bending resistance among germplasms,years and germplasm×years(P<0.01).At anthesis,the stem bending resistance was 10.730 N on average,with a range of 2.178～23.539 N,and the material be-tween 10～15 N was the most,accounting for 50.98%.At 30 days after anthesis,the stem bending resistance was 5.454 N on average,with a range of 1.313～18.130 N,and the material between 5～10 N was the most,accounting for 51.72%.At anthesis and 30 days after anthesis,we obtained 34 and 15 germplasm materials with strong stem bending resistance,re-spectively.By comprehensive analysis of the main agronomic traits of these materials,20 wheat germplasm materials with strong stem bending resistance and excellent agronomic traits were screened.Among them,Pingmai189,Pumai1128 and Zhengmai1860 were the most outstanding materials.The results of correlation analysis show that stem wall thickness,number of large vascular bundle and number of parenchyma cell layers were significantly correlated with stem bending re-sistance,while internode length,stem diameter and number of small vascular bundle were not significantly correlated with stem bending resistance.[Conclusion]Stem bending resistance is an important index to reflect the ability of wheat to resist stem lodging.Three wheat germplasm materials,including Pingmai189,Pumai1128 and Zhengmai1860,could be used as key parents for the breeding of the wheat varieties with strong stem lodging resistance.In wheat germplasm materials of southern of Huanghuai wheat region,Stem wall thickness,the number of large vascular bundles and the number of paren-chyma cell layers are the main morphological indexes that affect the stem bending resistance.These traits can be used as research indicators for the mining and mechanism analysis of stem bending resistance genes in wheat.关键词
小麦/茎倒伏/抗折力/形态特征/相关分析Key words
wheat/stem lodging/stem bending resistance/morphological characteristics/correlation analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张煜,任伟,韩留鹏,李正玲,赵明忠,齐学礼..黄淮麦区南片小麦抗茎倒种质筛选及相关特性分析[J].南方农业学报,2023,54(12):3561-3570,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200601) （2021YFD1200601）
河南省重点研发与推广专项(232102110229) （232102110229）
河南省农业科学院杰出青年科技基金项目(2023JQ01) （2023JQ01）
河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2022YQ18) National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200601) （2022YQ18）
Key Research and Promotion Projects in Henan Province(232102110229) （232102110229）
Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Foundation-Distinguished Youth Foundation(2023JQ01) （2023JQ01）
Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Foundation-Outstanding Youth Foundation(2022YQ18) （2022YQ18）
