江西农业学报2024，Vol.36Issue(1)：1-7,7.DOI:10.19386/j.cnki.jxnyxb.2024.01.001
不同硝态氮、铵态氮素配比对植烟土壤和烤烟生长及产质量的影响
Effects of Different Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrogen Ratios on Tobacco-planting Soil and Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of different nitrate and ammonium nitrogen ratios on tobacco-growing soil and the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Anshun area of Guizhou Province and find the best ratio suitable for high-quality production of local tobacco leaves,5 treatments were set up(CK;T1:100%nitrate nitrogen fertilizer;T2:70%nitrate nitrogen+30%ammonium nitrogen;T3:50%nitrate nitrogen+50%ammonium nitrogen;T4:30%nitrate nitrogen+70%ammonium nitrogen;T5:100%ammonium nitrogen),and the growth period,agronomic traits,economic traits,disease occurrence,chemical composition,rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments were analyzed,in order to provide some theoretical basis for optimizing tobacco fertilization,improving tobacco-planting soil and improving tobacco yield and quality in this area.The results showed that the field growth period of T2 treatment was 112 days,and the budding stage was 6 days earlier than that of T3 treatment.The effective leaf number of T2,T4 and T5 treatments was significantly higher than that of T3 treatment.T2 treatment had the lowest incidence.The SPAD value of T2 treatment was significantly higher than that of T1,T3,T4 and T5,and the incidence was negatively correlated with soil available potassium.T2 and T3 treatments had better economic properties of flue-cured tobacco,and T2 treatment increased the proportion of medium-grade tobacco.The potassium content of T3 and T4 treatments was significantly higher than that of T1,T2 and T5,and in line with the standard of high-quality tobacco.The nicotine content of T2 treatment was significantly higher than that of T1,T4 and T5 treatments,the chlorine content was significantly lower than other treatments,and the comprehensive score of chemical composition coordination was the highest.T2 treatment significantly increased rhizosphere soil pH and activities of acid phosphatase,urease and sucrase.Therefore,considering the growth of tobacco plants,morbidity,chemical composition of cured tobacco leaves and soil fertility,the effect of 7∶3(nitrate/ammonium)was better in Anshun area,which was more conducive to the growth of Yun 87 tobacco plant.关键词
硝态氮/铵态氮/土壤酶活/烟草青枯病/产质量Key words
Nitrate nitrogen/Ammonium nitrogen/Soil enzyme activity/Tobacco bacterial wilt/Yield and quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李先伟,杨智斌,吕芬,高正锋,周国琴,虞健,宝童曦,杨绍磊,姚俊杰,毛璞麟,叶鹏..不同硝态氮、铵态氮素配比对植烟土壤和烤烟生长及产质量的影响[J].江西农业学报,2024,36(1):1-7,7.基金项目
贵州省烟草公司重点研发项目(2021XM15). （2021XM15）
