昆明医科大学学报2024，Vol.45Issue(3)：141-145,5.DOI:10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20240321
昆明市特殊健康状态儿童疫苗接种不良反应情况及应对措施
Adverse Reactions of Vaccine Vaccination in Children with Special Health Conditions in Kunming and Countermeasures
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions to vaccination in children with special health status in Kunming and the corresponding countermeasures.Methods The information data of 952 children with special health conditions who were vaccinated at the Child Healthcare Department of the Kunming Children's Hospital from October 2021 to February 2023 were collected,and descriptive methods were used for epidemiological analysis.Results The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with special health conditions in Kunming was 10.92%(104/952),all of which were mild adverse reactions.The top three vaccines with the highest detection rates of adverse reactions were adsorbed acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine(Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus),measles-mumps-rubella attenuated live vaccine(Measles-Mumps-Rubella),and meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine group A and C(Meningococcal A+C),with detection rates of 7.00%,4.14%,and 3.08%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with premature birth,allergy,and anemia after vaccination was higher,with detection rates of 13.87%,11.03%,and 10.05%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions after more than two vaccinations was 73.08%,which was higher than the first vaccination detection rate of 26.92%.The clinical manifestations of vaccine adverse reactions were mainly fever,redness,and induration,with detection rates of 39.42%,21.15%,and 18.27%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with special health conditions under the age of two was higher,accounting for 75.00%.The detection rate of adverse reactions within 24 hours after vaccination was higher,accounting for 62.50%.After timely symptomatic treatment and follow-up observation,all adverse reactions in children with special health conditions after vaccination recovered within 7 days.Conclusion Adverse reactions after vaccination in children with special health conditions in Kunming are predominantly mild.The detection rate of adverse reactions post-vaccination for pertussis,measles,mumps,and meningococcal A+C is notably high.Children under 2 years old with premature birth,allergy,and anemia are more likely to have adverse reactions after vaccination.These adverse reactions typically manifest within 24 hours post-vaccination and resolve within 7 days.关键词
昆明市/特殊健康状态儿童/疫苗接种/不良反应/应对措施Key words
Kunming City/Exceptional children/Vaccination/Adverse reactions/Coping measures分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
许榛,凌昱,刘四香,宋玉,蓬阳,孙晶晶..昆明市特殊健康状态儿童疫苗接种不良反应情况及应对措施[J].昆明医科大学学报,2024,45(3):141-145,5.基金项目
昆明市卫生健康委员会卫生科研课题项目(2022-06-04-004) （2022-06-04-004）
昆明市卫生科技人才培养基金资助项目[2023-SW(后备)-61] （后备）
