栽培方式对航天诱变当归SP2繁种特性的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels needs 3 years to complete its normal life cycle,showing a long breeding cycle and a very low ratio of seed plants among population.In order to improve the efficiency of selecting and breeding new varieties,two sources of SP0 seeds,which were operated for 22 hours(named Hanggui 22 h)and 33 days(named Hanggui 33 d)in space using the"Long March 7"carrier rocket and the"Shenzhou 11"spacecraft,were used as the materials,with the non-operated seeds as control(CK).The SP2 seedlings were obtained through seedling cultivation.Two cultivation methods,seedling retention and transplantation,were used to measure the rate of seed plant,agronomic traits,and fruit weight of the SP2 population entering the third year of breeding.The results showed that the CK population failed to enter the breeding year and was eliminated naturally,and both populations obtained through space mutation entered the normal breeding year.The survival rate of returning green single plants after cultivation in Hanggui 22 h is 14.65 percentage higher,and the adult seed plant rate is 19.7 percentage higher than those in Hanggui 33 d.As compared with the transplanted population of Hanggui 33 d,the seedling retention population of Hanggui 22 h and 33 d populations,the transplantation population of Hanggui 22 h has significantly improved propagation characteristics,the single plant cremocarp weight increased by 1 527.5%,428.2%and 377.7%,the root weight increased by 235.3%,256.8%and 265.2%,the root length increased by 44.5%,36.7%and 6.0%,and the root diameter increased by 83.3%,83.7%and 83.9%,respectively.The comprehensive evaluation index of the SP2 population of A.sinensis was ranged as transplanting Hanggui 22 h(0.813 3)>retaining Hanggui 33 d(0.408 3)>retaining Hanggui 22 h(0.237 8)>transplanting Hanggui 33 d(0.033 4).These results indicated that space flight has mutagenic effects on A.sinensis seeds,the carrier rocket loading time is shorter,and the population effect was better and the breeding efficiency was higher;selecting complementary cultivation of transplantation and seedling retaining cultivation can ensure the safety of propagation.This study provided some references for further studies on breeding and propagation of A.sinensis.