生态学杂志2024，Vol.43Issue(3)：724-732,9.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202403.028
节水减氮和品种管理对双季稻CH4的减排效果
Effects of water-saving irrigation,reduced nitrogen application and different cultivars on CH4 emissions in a double rice cropping system
摘要
Abstract
Straw return,high-efficiency fertilizer,water-saving irrigation,and reducing nitrogen application are the main technologies for agricultural green development in China.High-yield but low-emission cultivar is an important direction for reducing CH4 emission in paddy fields.In this study,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of straw return combined with nitrogen reduction application and water-saving irrigation on CH4 emission of different double-cropping rice cultivars,using static chamber-gas chromatography.A split-plot experimental de-sign was adopted,with four main plot factors:urea+intermittent irrigation(U),reduction of urea 20％+straw return+intermittent irrigation(US+S),reduction of controlled release urea 20％+straw return+intermittent irri-gation(CRUS+S),reduction of urea 20％+straw return+water-saving irrigation(US+S+SWD),crossed with two sub-plot factors:conventional rice and hybrid rice.The results showed carbon input,nitrogen input,irrigation amount,and tillering number were main factors affecting CH4 emission of double cropping rice field.Nutrients from straw return could replenish 20％reduction of nitrogen fertilizer,and significantly promoted CH4 emission for both cultivars,among which the emissions of conventional rice increased by 60.0％-107.8％,and the emissions of hybrid rice increased by 99.8％-107.8％.This was mainly attributed to the large amount of organic carbon input by straw.Compared with US+S,straw return with controlled-release urea increased CH4 emissions by 1.8％-9.7％,except for conventional late rice.Water-saving irrigation significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 15.9％-23.1％with straw return.There were no significant differences in yield among treatments,indicating that straw return combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction and water-saving irrigation could achieve stable yield.CH4 emission and yield of hybrid rice were slightly higher than those of conventional rice,but without significant differences.In general,straw return significantly increased CH4 emission,controlled-release urea and reduced nitrogen application did not affect CH4 reduction,while water-saving irrigation could effectively reduce yield-scaled CH4 emission under straw retur-ning.Therefore,with the increases of straw return rates in paddy fields,optimizing water management to promote straw aerobic decomposition is the key to control CH4 emission.关键词
CH4/秸秆还田/氮肥减量/控释尿素/节水灌溉/水稻Key words
CH4/straw return/nitrogen fertilizer reduction/controlled release urea/water-saving irrigation/rice引用本文复制引用
宋春燕,李玉娥,万运帆,秦晓波,张欣禹,朱波,胡严炎,王斌..节水减氮和品种管理对双季稻CH4的减排效果[J].生态学杂志,2024,43(3):724-732,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0209200)、国家自然科学基金项目(41905102)、农业农村部农业清洁生产技术服务项目(13220124)、世界资源研究所种植业减排路径研究赠款项目(G2585)资助. （2022YFE0209200）
