生态学杂志2024，Vol.43Issue(3)：741-748,8.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202403.004
种植模式与灌溉定额对机采长绒棉冠层不同层次光截获与产量形成的影响
Effects of planting patterns and irrigation quotas on light interception at different canopy layers and yield formation of machine-picked sea-island cotton
摘要
Abstract
Optimizing the spatial distribution of light interception is a key strategy for creating a reasonable indivi-dual and group canopy structure in cotton fields,which could increase yield and machine-picking efficiency and realize the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy.We examined the effects of planting patterns and irri-gation quotas on light interception at different canopy layers and yield formation of machine-picked sea-island cot-ton.A field experiment was carried out following a split-plot design in Xinjiang,Northwest China.Three planting patterns included:one film with three equal-width rows(S3),one film with four wide/narrow rows(S4),and one film with six wide/narrow rows(S6)with the same planting density.Three irrigation quotas included:3150 m3· hm-2(W1,moderate deficit,50％field capacity),4050 m3·hm-2(W2,mild deficit,75％field capacity),and 4980 m3·hm-2(W3,full irrigation,100％field capacity).The results showed that increased row spacing and mild deficit watering could reduce the rate of decline of leaf area index and increase the PAR transmittance(Tr)of the lower canopy.The Tr of top,middle,and bottom layers of the canopy was distributed uniformly under S3W2 treat-ment,roughly in the 2∶2∶1 ratio.The distribution ratio of reproductive organs,the quality of cotton bolls,and the yield were greatly improved as a result of higher intercepted PAR rate(In)of the lower layer,despite a decli-ning trend in the total In of the canopy.Water consumption efficiency was significantly decreased by increasing irri-gation quota and row spacing.Our results suggests that the treatment of one film with three rows(S3)and mild de-ficit irrigation quota(4050 m3·hm-2)did not decrease cotton yield and water use efficiency,instead of the relative balance of them,due to advantages for increasing PAR light energy transfer in the middle and lower portion of the canopy and promoting.Our results are of great significance for promoting the integration of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology of sea-island cotton and for realizing the collaborative improvement of yield and machine-picking quality.关键词
长绒棉/种植模式/灌溉定额/光合有效辐射/产量形成/水分利用效率Key words
sea-island cotton/planting pattern/irrigation quota/photosynthetically active radiation/yield forma-tion/water use efficiency引用本文复制引用
王心,林涛,崔建平,张鹏忠,汤秋香,郭仁松,王亮,邵亚杰..种植模式与灌溉定额对机采长绒棉冠层不同层次光截获与产量形成的影响[J].生态学杂志,2024,43(3):741-748,8.基金项目
新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育项目(xjnky-2020003)、国家重点研发项目(2020YFD1001005)、新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(202106274)、农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-202001)、新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才人才培养项目、国家自然科学基金(31960386)和新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A01002-4)资助. （xjnky-2020003）
