水生态学杂志2024，Vol.45Issue(3)：121-130,10.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202205260193
长江葛洲坝坝下江段鱼类群落结构及多样性
Fish Community Structure and Diversity below Gezhouba Dam in Yangtze River
摘要
Abstract
In this study,we explored the fish community structure and biodiversity trends in the Yang-tze River below Gezhouba Dam after Three Gorges Reservoir began operating.The study was based on fish catch surveys conducted on that section during winter(November-December)from 2009 to 2019.Four sampling sites were set from Gezhouba Dam to Miaozui to obtain fish from different habi-tats.Fish were identified by species and standard body measurements were recorded.A total of 54 fish species belonging to 43 genera,10 families and 5 orders were identified,with absolute dominance by Cyprinidae that accounted for 58.1％of the total species.The primary dominant species were Coreius heterodon,Pelteobagrus vachelli,and Siniperca chuatsi,together accounting for 74.84％of the total number and 71.83％of the total mass.Bray-Curtis cluster analysis and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling(NMDS)show that,during the study period,the fish community was divided into two groups(Group 1,2009-2013;Group 2,2014-2019)and they differed significantly(R=0.875,P＜0.05).Similar-ity analysis shows that Pelteobagrus vachelli,Coreius heterodon,Rhinogobio cylindricus,Hemiculter bleekeri and Siniperca chuatsi were the primary species contributing to the structural difference be-tween the two groups and,except Rhinogobio cylindricus,the abundance values of the other fish spe-cies all increased after 2013.Ranges for the Margalef richness index(D),Shannon Winner diversity in-dex(H)and Pielou evenness index(J)during the investigation period were,respectively,2.86-4.23,1.47-2.33,0.46-0.73,and trended downward.Abundance-biomass comparison curves(ABC)indicate that the fish community below Gezhouba Dam was disturbed continuously during the study period.There was a decline among primary fish species and the dominant species became highly concentrated after 2013,with increasing body length and weight.While overall fish biodiversity decreased,the num-ber of total fish species actually increased slightly and some disappearing fish species,such as Ochet-obius elongatus and Myxocyprinus asiaticus,reappeared.Since the implementation of protection and restoration measures,including ecological management,breeding and release,and the ten-year fishing ban,it appears that the fish community below Gezhouba Dam is recovering.关键词
群落结构/生物多样性/丰度生物量曲线/葛洲坝Key words
community structure/biodiversity/abundance-biomass comparison curves/Gezhouba Dam分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
李莎,姜伟,李博,党莹超,苏巍,戴凌全..长江葛洲坝坝下江段鱼类群落结构及多样性[J].水生态学杂志,2024,45(3):121-130,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42207109,32060371) （42207109,32060371）
第二批陇原青年英才项目"[2023]11号". （）
