水科学进展2024，Vol.35Issue(2)：298-312,15.DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2024.02.011
1960-2020年青藏高原东部主要河流的径流和泥沙变化特征
Streamflow and sediment change of major rivers in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2020
摘要
Abstract
Being recognized as the"Asian Water Tower",the Tibetan Plateau(TP)plays a pivotal role in regulating downstream water resources.However,significant alterations in runoff and sediment transport have been witnessed within its headwaters region,primarily due to the combined impacts of climate change and human activities.This study focuses on five major river basins in the Eastern TP,including the Yellow River,Yangtze River,Lancang River,Nujiang River,and Yarlung Zangbo River.A comprehensive analysis of the annual and seasonal variations in streamflow and sediment data from 1960 to 2020(recent 6 decades)was conducted,utilizing extensive hydrological station measurements and various statistical methods,including the Pettitt change-point test and linear regression algorithm.Key conclusions include:① Over the past six decades,the annual runoff in the Yangtze River and Nujiang River basins exhibited a significant upward trend,while changes in other basins remained less pronounced,with considerable spatial variability in runoff alterations.A majority of stations experienced an abrupt shift in annual runoff around 2006,followed by a sustained increase in the subsequent decade.As for the annual sediment transport,the Yangtze River basin showed an insignificant increase,while the Yellow River,Lancang River,and Yarlung Zangbo River basins all exhibited insignificant decreases.The variation trends was overall consistent with annual runoff,but with greater uncertainty.②In terms of seasonality in the past six decades,the winter and spring runoff in upstream stations displayed a consistent rising trend across all basins,while the variation in summer and autumn runoff mirrored that of annual runoff,and the summer runoff demonstrated a spatial pattern,characterized by a distinct"northward increase,southward decrease"trend.③ The development of water resources in the Lancang River basin has disrupted the natural runoff patterns downstream,notably manifesting as a sudden shift in the annual distribution of runoff,with reduction in seasonal variation.These findings enhance our understanding of streamflow and sediment changes in the Tibetan Plateau,offering valuable insights for predicting runoff trends and informing water resource management decisions.关键词
径流变化/泥沙变化/季节性特征/水库影响/青藏高原东部河流Key words
streamflow change/sediment change/seasonality/reservoir impact/major rivers in Eastern Tibetan Plateau分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张梦娇,南熠,吴永祥,丁昱凯,徐梦珍,田富强..1960-2020年青藏高原东部主要河流的径流和泥沙变化特征[J].水科学进展,2024,35(2):298-312,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(92047301 （）
51825902) The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92047301 （）
No.51825902). （）
