西北林学院学报2024，Vol.39Issue(2)：85-90,181,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2024.02.11
不同花椒种质的花粉生活力分析及人工授粉对坐果率的影响
Pollen Vitalization Analysis of Different Zanthoxylum Germplasms and Effect of Artificial Pollination on Fruit Setting Rate
摘要
Abstract
Taking the fruit setting rate as an assessment index,artificial pollination was conducted with 6 Zanthoxylum germplasms collected at home and abroad.Pollen vitalities of 4 excellent male species in 6 Zanthoxylum germplasms was preliminarily measured to understand the effect of artificial pollination be-tween different germplasms on the fruit setting,and the correlation between pollination and the increase of the fruit yield to provide theoretical support for the Zanthoxylum production.The pollens of the male plants of 4 Zanthoxylum germplasms were used as test materials,and the pollen vitality was determined under different conditions and different storage time by using TTC staining method.In addition,100 inflo-rescences of each female plant of 6 germplasms were randomly selected in sunny and hot weather,and the number of florets in the inflorescences was recorded.The number of fruits was recorded during the fruiting period,and the fruiting rate was calculated.The results showed that there were highly significant differ-ences in pollen vitality among different germplasms(P≤0.01).Z.bungeanum'Fengxian'was the lowest(2.03％),and'Chaocang'pollen was the highest(55.98％).The optimum storage temperature of Zanthox-ylum pollen was-80 ℃,and the vitality of Zanthoxylum pollen gradually decreased with the increase of storage time.Z.bungeanum'Fengxian'had poorer storability,and'Chaocang'had better storability.It was found that'Chaocang'had a very low fruit setting rate when not pollinated,and the fruit setting rate in-creased most significantly after pollination(80.43％).Among the domestic Zanthoxylum varieties,'Fengx-ian'showed a greater increase in fruit setting(10.89％).In the interspecific hybridization experiment,'Cha-ocang'pollen showed inhibited effect on the fruit setting rate of the other varieties.No fruit setting was found when'Chaocang'was pollinated.It is concluded that there are differences in pollen vitality of different germplasms of Zanthoxylum,but the pollen vitality of Zanthoxylum plants is generally at low level.The optimal storage temperature for Zanthoxylum pollen was-80 ℃,and the pollen vitality decreased with storage time.The correlation between fruit setting rate and pollen vitality after pollination was not signifi-cant,and the specific reasons for the changes in fruit setting rate still need to be further analyzed.'Chaocang'may be distantly unrelated to domestic Zanthoxylum germplasms,and reproductive isolation exists.关键词
花椒/花粉生活力/授粉/坐果率Key words
Zanthoxylum bungeanum/pollen vitality/pollination/fruit setting rate分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
董育公..不同花椒种质的花粉生活力分析及人工授粉对坐果率的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2024,39(2):85-90,181,7.基金项目
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(SLTG[2019]03). （SLTG[2019]03）
