环核苷酸门控离子通道及其功能的研究进展OA北大核心CSTPCD

Cyclic nucleotide-gated(CNG)ion channel is a type of non-selective tetrameric cation channel that can be directly activated by intracellular signaling molecules—cyclic nucleotides,and is one of the main pathways for calcium ions to enter the cells.The CNG channel proteins are encoded by six different genes:four A subunits and two B subunits.The activity of CNG ion channel can be modulated by calcium/calmodulin(Ca2+/CaM)as well as phosphorylation or the action of phosphatidylinositol on the membrane,thereby altering intracellular calcium ion concentrations and participating in the regulation of a variety of biological functions.Since the discovery of CNG ion channels in rod photoreceptors,it has undergone research processes such as physiological functions,cloning related genes,understanding regulatory mechanisms,analyzing crystal structures,and developing related gene therapy methods.They play an important role in signal transduction in olfactory sensory neurons(OSNs)of vision and smell.This article briefly reviews the function,structure,regulatory mechanism,and relationship with related diseases of CNG ion channel,in order to provide the theoretical basis and reference for the treatment of CNG ion channel-related diseases.